TOEFL Flashcards
Crop
Crop
محصولات كشاورزي
Cultivation
Cul-ti-‘va-tion
To preparing the land to grow crops
V.: cultivate
Exp.: Soil cultivation
Settle
‘Set-tle
To establish a home
جايي كه قبلا كسي ساكن نبوده ساكن شدن
Fertilize
‘Fer-ti-lize
كود با تقويت كننده گياهي كه به خاك مي دهيم
N.: fertilization, fertilizer
Adverse
‘Ad-verse
Adj.
Not good or favourable
Adv.: adversely
In a harmful way or negatively
Exp.: They fear it could have an adverse effect.
Aggregate
‘Ag-gre-gate
N.& V.
مجموع
Abandon
A-‘ban-don
- Give up
- Leave someone
- To go away from somewhere
- To stop having an idea etc
- To stop doing sth bec there are to many problems
N.: abandon
Irrigation
‘Ir-ri-gattion
N.
To supplying water to dry land
V.: irrigate
Anticipate
An-‘tic-i-pate
To expect
Exp.: Sales are better than anticipated
Famine
‘Fam-ine
N.
A
situation in which a large number of people have little or no food for a long time and many people die
Exp.: A million people are facing famine
Collide
Co’l-lide
V.
- To disagree strongly
- To hit sth or someone that is moving in a different direction from u
N.: collision
Eruption
E-‘rruption
If frightening, violence, noise etc erups, it started suddenly
Syn.: break out
Outburst
‘Out-best
N.
- Sth u say suddenly that expresses a strong emotion, especially anger
Exp.: He apologised for his outburst - A sudden short increase in an activity
Exp.: An outburst of violence
Obtain
Ob-‘tain
بدست آوردن به ويژه يك مهارت يا كار
Possession
Po’s-ses-sion
If sth is in your possession, you own it, or you have obtained it from somewhere
Exp.; The house has been in their possession science the 2000s.
Precipitation
Pre-cip-i-‘ta-tion
Rain, snow etc that falls on the ground, or amount of rain, snow etc that falls
Exp.: In the north of Iran, the high level of precipitation ensures rich, green plant life.
Catastrophe
Ca-‘tas-trope
A terrible event in which there is a lot of distruction, suffering, or death
Syn.: disaster
Unleash
Un-‘leash
V.
To release a thing or an emotion
Exp.: The unleashed their dogs.
Plunge
Plunj
To go down suddenly
To move, fall, or thrown suddenly forwards or downwards
Exp.: Her car swerved and plunged off the cliff.
Exp.2: Both the climbers had plunged to their deaths
Swerve
Sweve
ناگهان از جاده منحرف شدن معمولا براي اينكه به چيزي يا كسي نخوري
از يك عقيده، كار يا هدف منحرف شدن
Exp.: He would never swerve from the truth
N.: swerve
Flood
Flad
N. An overflowing of water سيل V. To cover a place with water سيل گرفتن، غرق كردن
در مرحله دوم به معناي تجمع هم هست. مثلا سرازير شدن جمعيت مرد بشت مرزها، پاشي ن زياد نور و روشنايي در جايي، ارسال تعداد زيادي وسيله با جايي و …
Persevere
Pe-se-‘vere
V.
To keep going, despite discouragement
Syn.: persist
Adj.: persistent
Adj.: persevering
Inherent
In-‘her-ent
Adj.
لازم و ضروري، جدايي ناپذير
ذاتي
Naturally characteristic
Adv.: inherently
Exp.: Every business had its own inherent risks.
Constraint
Con-s’traint
Sth that limits your freedom to do what u want
محدوديت ها
Syn.: restriction
Exp.: The constraints of family life
Part
Paat
Feature
‘Fea-tue
N. & V.
Exp.: The best feature of this car is heated seats.
Generation
Gen-e-‘ra-tion
N.
نسل
Exp.1: In my generation the divorce rate is very high
Exp.2: The new generation of mobile phones.
Adj.: generation
Generate
‘Gen_e-rate
To produce or cause sth
Syn.: create
Get rid of
To throw away or destroy sth u don’t want any more or to make someone leave
Exp.: It’s time we got rid of all these old toys.
Dispose
Dis-‘pouse
Of
Get rid of, specially sth that is difficult to get rid of
Reservoir
Res-e-‘wa
N.
مخزن مايع
مخزن آب قبل از اينكه آماده تزريق به سيستم بشه
A place where a liquid is collected and stored
V.: reserve
Independent
In-de-‘pen-dent
مستقل
Adjust
A-‘just
The change
Adapt
Adj.: adjustable
N.: adjustment
Arbitrary
‘Ar-bi-tri
Adj.
Decided or arrange without any reason or plan, often unfairly.
Exp.: The arbitrary arrest or decision
N.: arbitrariness
Adv.: arbitrarily
Extinction
Ex-‘tinc-tion
The end of existence
انقراض
Exp.: Human being have caused the extinction of many other species
Contaminatin
Con-‘tam-i-na-tion
N.
Being made less clean by a germ or hazardous substance
آلودگي
N.: contaminant
V.; contaminate
Exp.: The contamination in the river came from the factory located just upstream (بالادست)
Elemental
El-e-‘men-tal
Simple, basic, and important
Exp.: Love is one of the most elemental human emotion.
Accuracy
‘Accuracy
N.
Exactness
Or
Precision (per’sision, the quality of being exact or correct,N. Exp.; the work was carried out with military precision. Made or done in a very exact way, adj. exp.: precision engineering.)
- The ability to do sth in an exact way without making a mistake
Exp.: He passes the ball with accuracy - The quality of being correct or true
Opp.: inaccuracy
Exp.: Worries about the accuracy of government statistics
Of
Adj.: accurate
Adv.: accurately
Denominator
Di’nominate
The number below the line in a fraction
Fraction (‘fraction)
- : avery small amount of sth
- ; كسر در رياضي
V.: denominate
To officially set the value of sth according to one system or type of money
N.; denomination
The valie shown on a coin, paper money, or a stamp
Adj.; denominational
Exponentially
Expo’nenshially
At a very fast rate
N.: exponent
Adj.: exponential
Exp.: Exponential increase in travel
Exp.: The value of the lira decreased exponentially in the last decade
Proportion
Pro’potion
A part in relation to the whole
Proportional
Sth that is proportional to sth els in the correct pr most suitable relation to it in size, amount, importance etc
Opp.: disproportion
Exp.: The punishment should be proportional to the crime
Exp.: Every parent is asked to contribute a proportion of the total cost.
Of
Adv.: proportionally
Adj.: proportionate
Adjacent
A’jaycent
Adj.
Next to
By
N.: adjacency
Exp.; Villages are adjacent to each other.
Gut
Gut
To empty or hollow out
To completely destroy the inside of the building, especially by fire
N.: gut
Adj.: gutted
Exp.: the building was completely gutted by fire
Hollow
‘Hal-low
Having an empty space inside
Exp.: a hollow tree
Feasibly
- In a way that can work
N.: feasibility
Adj.: feasible
Practically
‘Pract-ti-clly
Almost
Exp.: I’ve read practically all of his books
Seep
‘Seeep
To pass slowly for a long time, as a liquid or gas might
Exp.: As the containers rusted, the toxic waste seeped into the ground
Into/ down/ through
Exp.: Blood seeped down his leg
Integrally
In a whole or complete manner
يكپارچه
Arrangement
A’rr-enge-ment
هماهتگي براي قرار ملاقات
Spontaneous
Spon-‘tai-nes
اتفاقي وبدون هماهنگي قبلي
Adj.
Packing
‘Pack-ing
N.
Put sth in the case or box
Attitude
‘Atti-tiude
رفتاري كه معمولا از كسي سر مي زنه
N.
Adj.: attitudinal
Stiff
S’tiff
Body if a dead person
Unflexible
Coast
‘Coast
The area where the land meet the sea
Crew
‘Cru
خدمه كشتي و هواپيما
Fur
‘Fu
خز
Apprenticeship
A’p-pren-ti-ship
N.
شاگردي
Mentoring
‘Men-tring
مشاوره كار
Enthusiastic
In-thi-sl-‘as-tic
Adj.
خيلي مشتاق
Reckon
‘Reck-en
V.
Think or suppose
Entrepreneur
Untcher-pne
كارآفرين
مسي كه كار جديدي شروع ميكنه كه معمولا با ريسك همراه ايست
Inspire
‘In-spire
Encourage someone by making them confidence and eager to do sth
Inspirational
In-spi-‘rational
الهام بخش و محرك و تشويق كننده
Milestone
‘Mail-stone
مرحله برجسته
A very important event in the development of sth
Sulk
Sulk
قهر كردن و در اتاق ماندن و صحبت نكردم
Odd
Udd
Adj.
عجيب
Founder
‘Faunde
Someone who establish a business, school, or organisation
Overrun
O-ve-‘rrun
لبريز، مملو
Diarrhoea
Di-ya-‘rrea
١. اسهال
٢. فوران مثلا لغت
Reconcile
‘Rec-en-sayl
وفق دادن، تطبيق دادن
Obsessive
Ob-‘ses-sive
فكر كردن يا نگران بودن نسبت به چيزي و دائم فكرتو نشغول ميكنه
Adj.
Exploit
‘Ex-ploit
A brave and exciting adventure (سرگذشت) that someone has had
بهره كشي و استعمار
Turn down
نااميد كردن
Audition
Ou-‘di-tion
اجراي مختصر در مقابل داوران براي بررسي
Council
‘Caun-sel
شورا
Debut
Dei-bi
N.
The first public appearance of sth
Due out
بيرون دادن
Publish
Exp.: album is due out later
Draw attention
Drow
Make someone notice sth
Principal
‘Prin-ci-pel
Most important
اصول
Adj
Burden
‘Bu-den
Sth difficult or worrying that u are responsible for
Torchbearer
حمل كننده مشعل
Offence
E’f-fence
توهين
An illegal action or crime
N.
Resign
Re-‘zain
از كار بركنار شدن
Panic
‘Panic
N.
وحشت
V.
ترسيدن
Frustrating
Frus-‘trait-ing
Adj
خسته كننده و آزار دهنده
Enquiry
In-‘cuar-y
N.
A question u asked to get information
Syn.: query
‘Cue-iry
Corrode
Co’r-roude
فرسايش و خوردگي با مواد شيميايي
Exp.: Acidic water will corrode the pipes
N.: corrosion
Innovative
‘In-ev-ait-ive
١.خلاقانه
٢. پيشرو(ahead of the time)
Syn.: novel
Implement
‘Im-ple-ment
- Carry out (انجام دادن)
Exp.: To implement decisions - To make use of(به كار بردن)
Exp.: We implement the new filing sys.
Novel
‘Navel
Adj.: بديع، نو
N.: رمان
Permeate
‘Pe-mi-ate
١. نفوذ كردن
٢. انتشار دادن
Exp.1: The smell of the diesel through every part of air
Exp.3: Rainwater permeated through the ground
N.: permeation
Combustion
Com-‘bud-tion
The process of burning
V.: combust
Adj.: combustible
Discretely
Dis-‘critly
Separately
Adj.: discrete
N.: discreteness
Convey
Con-‘vey
- To take or carry sth from one place to another
- To transmit or make known
انتقال مطلب يا خبر دادن
Core
Co
Nucleus
‘Neu-clies
Adj.: nuclear