Tobias Ch 12 - Instruments Flashcards
What are the basic parts of an articulating instrument?
Tips, jaws, box lock and pin, shank, ratchet, and ring handles.
How are instruments designed to grasp tissue categorized?
Traumatic or atraumatic with various configurations.
What type of jaws are usually more traumatic?
Jaws with prominent serrations or coarse teeth.
What is a key determinant of surgical effectiveness and efficiency?
Proper positioning of digits within the ring handles.
What is the primary function of a scalpel?
Produces little damage to surrounding tissues.
What materials are scalpel blades typically made from?
Carbon steel or stainless steel.
What scalpel handle accepts blades #10, #11, #12, and #15?
3 scalpel handle.
What scalpel handle is used for blades #20 to #25?
4 handle.
What specialized scalpel handle is used in ophthalmic surgery?
Rounded Beaver scalpel handle.
Which type of scissors has a greater mechanical advantage?
Scissors with straight tips.
What is the primary use of Metzenbaum scissors?
Used on relatively delicate tissue.
What type of scissors are Mayo scissors used for?
Used on denser tissue.
What type of scissors is often reserved for use on inanimate objects?
Utility or operating scissors.
What type of forceps are used in neurosurgical and orthopedic procedures?
Rongeurs.
What are the characteristics of double-action rongeurs?
Greater mechanical advantage and require less force.
What are examples of double-action rongeurs?
- Stille-Luer
- Ruskin
What is the purpose of periosteal elevators?
Used to elevate the periosteum from bone.
What is a bone chisel used for?
Beveled on one side for cutting bone.
What type of instrument is a Gigli saw?
A bone-cutting instrument.
What is the function of curettes?
Used to remove bone or soft tissue.
What is the importance of the angle of the ratchet mechanism in needle holders?
Should be 39 degrees to enhance security.
What are the two types of tissue forceps?
- Crushing
- Non-Crushing
What is the primary use of towel clamps?
To secure drapes or towels.
What type of scissors are Lister scissors?
Bandage scissors.
What are the main considerations for surgical instrument care?
- Preventative maintenance
- Appropriate use
- Careful handling
- Proper decontamination
- Inspection
What is the most commonly used method of sterilization?
Autoclaving.
What type of corrosion is characterized by pinprick-like holes?
Pitting corrosion.
What causes rust deposition on surgical instruments?
Rust particles in water or steam or non-corrosion-resistant steel.
What should be used during the steam sterilization process to prevent corrosion?
Neutral pH cleaning agents and demineralized water.
What type of cleaning enhances the cleaning process of surgical instruments?
Ultrasonic cleaning.
What are microsurgical instruments used for?
For precision tasks in delicate surgeries.
What types of scissors are recommended for microsurgery?
- Pointed tips for cutting tissue
- Blunted tips for dissection
What are vessel clamps used for in microsurgery?
To provide temporary, tension-free occlusion.
