Tobacco Dependence

Question 1

In which social groups is tobacco smoking prevalent? (2)

Answer 1

The lower class
Those with mental health problems.

Question 2

Describe some things that smoking has an influence on. (4)

Answer 2

Stillbirth
Lung disorders including cancer
Dementia
CVD

Question 3

Describe the addiction to cigarettes. (2)

Answer 3

Addiction to nicotine because it stimulates the nicotinic ACh receptors to release dopamine.

Question 4

What is the addiction characterised by? (4)

Answer 4

Many failed attempts to stop
Use despite knowledge of harm
Cravings in abstinence
Withdrawal symptoms during abstinence.

Question 5

Describe influencing factors in the decision to quit. (4)

Answer 5

Family and friends, health professionals, advertisement or health problems.

Question 6

What drugs are available to help quit? (3)

Answer 6

Long (patch) or short (sweets) acting nicotine replacement therapy
Partial agonists of nicotinic ACh receptors
E-cigarettes as harm reduction.

Question 7

Describe some advantages of e-cigarettes over tobacco use. (3)

Answer 7

Help people quit
Less harmful that tobacco
Regulations are being formed.

Question 8

Describe some disadvantages of e-cigarette use. (4)

Answer 8

Long term effects unknown
Gateway
Renormalises smoking
Promotes nicotine addiction.