Tobacco cessation Flashcards
Different types of tobacco use?
Cigars
Pipes
Cigarettes
Shisha
Snuff chewing tobacco
Betal nut, betal quid
What are the health risks of smokeless tobacco?
- oral cancer
- gum disease
- leukoplakia
- oral sub-mucous fibrosis
- preterm low birth weight babies
- cardiovascular disease
Why do people use tobacco for dental pain?
tobacco has mild analgesic affect on gums
What does a cigarette contain?
- Nicotine - alkoid, powerful drug
- Tar- sticky brown substance thats inhaled
- Carbon monoxide - not in cigarette but produced when burned - reduces oxygen in blood
What does the second hand smoking ban entail?
- can’t smoke in public or in cars with children
- must smoke in smoking specific areas
Health risks of second hand smokers (adults)?
- Lung cancer
- Heart disease
- Respiratory disease (COPD, tuberculosis, pneumonia, pneumococcal disease)
- Cancers (cervical, larynx, pharynx, bladder, leukaemia, breast, nasal)
- Stroke
- Diabetes
Health risks of second hand smokers (children) ?
- Respiratory infections such as bronchitis, bronchiolitis and pneumonia
- Asthma and asthma exacerbations
- Middle ear infections
- Sudden infant death syndrome
- Respiratory symptoms such as cough and wheeze
- Bacterial meningitis
- Impairment of lung function
- Slowed lung growth
- Allergic symptoms
- Neurobiological impairment
- Tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy,
What % of the general population currently smoke?
15.2%
Which types of people are prioritised for signposting to smoking cessation services?
- People with underlying health conditions (COPD, CVD, diabetes, asthma, cancer)
- Black, asian & minority ethnic groups
- Routine & manual workers
- Residents of deprived areas
- Young people (<19), in particular looked after children
- People with diagnosed mental health conditions
- Pregnant smokers & their partners
- Patients in acute settings
- Previously tried & failed to quit on 2+ occasions
What is VBA?
Simple opportunistic advice to stop
Assessment of pt’s commitment to stop
Life-saving intervention delivered by health and social care practitioners that triggers quit attempts ( self assisted or service assisted attempt)
What does VBA consist of?
Ask = establish & record smoking/smokeless tobacco status
Advise = advise on benefits of quitting e.g. saves money, health reasons ; this triggers to thinking of quitting
Act = offer help by recommending local stop smoking service
What nicotine replacement therapies are available?
Nicotine patches
Nicotine nasal & mouth spray - fastest acting
Nicotine gum
Inhalators
Mini lozenges
Lozenges
Microtabs
Signs of addiction
Continued use despite harmful effects
Withdrawal symptoms which urge them to restart during abstinence
Failure of attempts to stop
Withdrawal symptoms?
- Nicotine craving
- Increased appetite
- Mood changes (e.g. irritable/restless)
- Difficulty concentrating
- Disturbed sleep
- Light headedness
Effects of chewing tobacco on health?
- Gum disease
- Oral cancer
- Oral submucous fibrosis
- Leukoplakia
- Pre-term low birth weight babies
