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ESA1 Final Unknown > TOB > Flashcards

TOB Flashcards

0
Q

Elastic Von Gieson

A

Collagen pink
Elastic blue
Muscle yellow

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1
Q

PAS

A

Carbs and glycoproteins magenta

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2
Q

Lamina propria

A

Loose CT, blood and lymph vessels, cells of immunity

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3
Q

Layers of the stomachs

A

Columnar, gastric mucosa, mm, sub mucosa, rugae

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4
Q

Folds in Jejunum

A

Pilicae circulates

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5
Q

Folds I n large intestine

A

Peyers patches

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6
Q

Serous a around abdominal, lungs and heart

A

Peritoneum, pleural, pericardial

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7
Q

Inside and outside of serous names

A

Visceral outside

Parietal inside

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8
Q

Gram staining

A

Crystal violet complex added, binds to negative
Iodine turns complex blue
Methanol extracts complex if thin peptidoglycan wall
Add red dye

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9
Q

Gram positive

A

Streptococcus

Clostridium

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10
Q

Gram negative

A

Everything but 2 positives, legionella, chlamydia

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11
Q

Mycobacteria stains. And example

A

Acid fast stain. Using ZN

Tuberculosis and leprosy

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12
Q

Collagen TI and TII

A

Tendon/dermis

Hyaline, elastic

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13
Q

Marian’s

A

Undeveloped elastic fibres as defect for fibrillin

Lax joints, fragile vascular walls, v tall, heart defects, stretchy skin

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14
Q

Ehlers Danlos Disease

A

Abnormality of reticular fibres

Stretchy skin, bursting vessels, fragile joints, fragile gums

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15
Q

Lining of T in skeletal

A

In line with A I band

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16
Q

Red and white muscle

A

Red is slow

White is powerful

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17
Q

Surrounding muscle

A

Epimysium
Perimysium
Endomysium

18
Q

Structure of actin, Troponin and tropomyosin

A

Troponin on tropomyosin on actin

19
Q

Cartilage

A

A vascular tissue from mesenchyme,

High GAG to collagen ratio

20
Q

Hyaline cartilage

A

TII , perichondrium

21
Q

Elastic cartilage

A

TII, elastic fibres, perichondrium, elastic lamellae,

Ear epiglottis and adipose

22
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

TI ,fibroblasts, TII , no perichondrium, intervertebral discs and menisci joints

23
Q

Trabeculae

A

Layers of interstitial lamellae

24
Q

Spongy bone

A

Mesh work of trabeculae surrounded by marrow

25
Q

Fracture repair

A

Hematoma to pro callus
Forms collagen and hyaline, forms fibrocartilaginous callus
New bone trabeculae
Ossification

26
Q

Osteogenesis imperfecta

A

Mutation of TI collagen,

27
Q

Sexhormone

A

Excess: premature fusion of epiphysis

Too little: v tall

28
Q

Achondroplasia

A

Mutation of fibroblast growth receptor
Less endochondrial ossification,
Short limbs

29
Q

Grey and white matter of CNS

A

Grey central unmyelinated

White peripheral myelinated

30
Q

Excitatory neurotransmitters

A

Glutamate, Aspartate

31
Q

Inhibitory neurotransmitters

A

Glycine and GABA

32
Q

Sympathetic nervousness system

A

Thoraco lumbar output,
Post ganglionic noradrenergic receptors
Pre is cholinergic
EXCEPT POST FOR PERSPIRATION AND EJACULATION: cholinergic

33
Q

Parasympathetic system

A

Carnio sacral outflow
Pre is. Cholinergic
Post is cholinergic

34
Q

Glial cells

A

Astrocytes. - blood brain barrier
Micro glia - immune and inflammatory response
Satellite - support of peripheral

35
Q

4 features of a perikaryon

A

Nucleolus, nucleus, nissi substance ( ER ), dendrites

36
Q

Cells after blood cell proliferation

A

Myeloid blast

Lymphoblast

37
Q

Reticular fibre function

A

Synthesise reticular fibres and cytoplasm around them

Direct t and B lymphocytes to lymphatic tissue

38
Q

Types of leucocytes and their nucleus

A 
Neutrophils: multilobed
Eosinophils: bi lobed
Basophils: tri lobed
Monocytes: kidney shaped, these turn into macrophages
Lymphocytes: massive
39
Q

Innate humeral

A 
Transferrin deprives microorganism of iron
Lysozyme
Fibronectin increases phagocytosis
Interferons decrease viral replication
Complement helps Phagasomes
40
Q

Innate cellular

A

Macrophages and monocytes present antigens to lymphocytes and undergo phagocytosis
Leucocytes
Mast cells

41
Q

Adaptive humeral

A

Cytokines increase proliferation of lymphocytes
Performing destroys cell walls
Antibodies neutralise toxins and bacteria

42
Q

Adaptive cellular

A

T helper
T memory
T killer releases perforin
B cells

43
Q

Growth of bones at the epiphyseal growth plates

A

Cells divide and matrix secreted
Matrix compressed into linear bands and cells enlarge
The matrix becomes calcified
Calcified matrix becomes in contact with marrow
Blood vessels and connective tissue invade
Calcified cartilage as spicules which bone is laid down on

ESA1 Final Unknown (3 decks)

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