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ESA1 Enzymes > To memorise > Flashcards

To memorise Flashcards

0
Q

Gluconeogensis: Overcome steps 1+3

A

Glucose 6 phosphatase and fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase

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1
Q

Regulatory enzymes in gluconeogenisis

A

PEPCK, and Fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase

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2
Q

Gluconeogenisis from pyruvate: Overcome step 10

A

Pyruvate carboxylase and PEPCK. Uses ATP and GTP

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3
Q

Fatty acid synthesis regulator and control

A

Acetyl coA carboxylase
Activated by citrate, inhibited by AMP allosterically
Covalent modification with insulin dephosphorylating.

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4
Q

Transamination

A

Aminotransferases- specific to each aa

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5
Q

Deamination

A

L and D amino acid oxidases

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6
Q

Glutaminase

A

Glutamine to glutamate and NH3

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7
Q

Glutamate dehydrogenase+NAD+

A

a ketoglutarate, NADH, NH4+

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8
Q

Phenylketonuria defect

A

Phenylalanine hydroxylase

Phenylalanine -/-> tyrosine

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9
Q

Homocystinuria defect

A

CBS enzyme

Homocysteine -/-> cystathionine

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10
Q

Glutamate dehydrogenase

A

Ammonia+ a ketoglutarate –>a ketoglutarate

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11
Q

Glutamine synthase

A

Glutamate and ammonia

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12
Q

Glutaminase

A

Splits glutamine to glutamate and ammonia in the liver and kidney for urea synthesis.

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13
Q

Hydrolysis dietary triacylglycerols

A

Pancreatic lipase

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14
Q

Releases fatty acids from triacylglycerols in chylomicrons.

A

Lipoprotein lipase

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15
Q

In lipoproteins convert surface lipids to core lipid to stabilise the structure.

A

LCAT

16
Q

Reacts superoxide species together to form oxygen and hydrogen peroxide.

A

Superoxide demutass

17
Q

Breaks down hydrogen peroxide into hydrogen and oxygen

A

Catalase

18
Q

Membrane bound enzyme involved in producing an oxidative burst in neutrophils and monocytes

A

NADPH oxidase

19
Q

How does NADPH work?

A

Produces superoxide radicals though the transfer of electrons from NADPH.

20
Q

Which drug is used to treat alcohol dependence and why

A

Disulphiram, inhibits aceytlaldehyde dehydrogenase

21
Q

Found in liver function tests in liver damage, often due to alcohol abuse.

A

Transaminase and gamma gluyamyl transpeptidase

22
Q

Paracetamol overdose treatment

A

N-acetyl cysteine, strong antioxidant

23
Q

Where is the body’s biological clock located

A

Suprachiasmatic nucleus

24
Q

Used as a ACTH analogue for Addisons tests

A

Synthacen

25
Q

Used as an ACTH suppressant for Cushings test

A

Dexamethosone

26
Q

Carbizamole

A

Treats Graves Disease, inhibits the incorporation of iodine into thyroglobulin by inhibiting thyroid peroxidase .

27
Q

Bones found in tendons

A

Sesamoid, they have no periosteum

28
Q

Responsible for the inappropriate reduction of galactose to galactitol

A

Aldose reductase

ESA1 Enzymes (1 decks)

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