TNP Terms - SURVEYING TERMS,PRINCIPLES AND SAMPLE PROBLEMS

Question 1

Hydrographic surveys deal with the mapping of
A. large water bodies
B. heavenly bodies
C. mountaineous region
D. canal system

Answer 1

A. large water bodies

Question 2

If h is the difference in level between end points
separated by l, then the slope correction is ௛
ଶ௟
మ
+
௛
ర
଼ఉ
. The
second term may be neglected if the value of h in a 20 m
distance is less than
A.
ଵ
ଶ
m
B. 1 m
C. 2 m
D. 3 m

Answer 2

D. 3 m

Question 3

An ideal vertical curve to join two gradients, is
A. circular
B. parabolic
C. elliptical
D. hyperbolic
E. none of these

Answer 3

B. parabolic

Question 4

Pick up the correct statement from the following:
A. the eyepiece plays no part in defining the line of sight
B. the diaphragm plays no part in defining the line of sight
C. the optical centre of the objective plays no part in
defining the line of sight
D. none of these.

Answer 4

A. the eyepiece plays no part in defining the line of sight

Question 5

The intercept of a staff
A. is maximum if the staff is held truly normal to the line of
sight.
B. is minimum if the staff is held truly normal to the line of
sight.
C. decreases if the staff is tilted away from normal
D. increases if the staff is tilted towards normal

Answer 5

B. is minimum if the staff is held truly normal to the line of
sight.

Question 6

The radius of curvature of the arc of the bubble tube is
generally kept
A. 10 m
B. 25 m
C. 50 m
D. 100 m

Answer 6

D. 100 m

Question 7

If S is the length of a subchord and R is the radius of
simple curve, the angle of deflection between its tangent
and sub-chord, in minutes, is equal to
A. 573 S/R
B. 573 R/S
C. 171.9 S/R
D. 1718.9 R/S
E. 1718.9 S/R

Answer 7

E. 1718.9 S/R

Question 8

The real image of an object formed by the objective, must
lie
A. in the plane of cross hairs
B. at the centre of the telescope
C. at the optical centre of the eye-piece
D. anywhere inside the telescope

Answer 8

A. in the plane of cross hairs

Question 9

In chain surveying tie lines are primarily provided
A. to check the accuracy of the survey
B. to take offsets for detail survey
C. to avoid long offsets from chain lines
D. to increase the number of chain lines

Answer 9

C. to avoid long offsets from chain lines

Question 10

Pick up the correct statement from the following :
A. the tangent screw enables to give small movement under
conditions of smooth and positive control
B. standing on the tripod is the levelling head or trib arch
C. the levelling screws are used to tilt the instrument so that
its rotation axis is truly vertical
D. all the above

Answer 10

D. all the above

Question 11

One of the Lehmann’s rules of plane tabling, is
A. location of the instrument station is always distant from
each of the three rays from the known points in proportion
to their distances
B. when looking in the direction of each of the given points,
the instrument station will be on the right side of one and
left side of the other ray
C. when the instrument station is outside the circumscribing
circle its location is always on the opposite side of the ray to
the most distant point as the inter-section of the other two
rays
D. none of these

Answer 11

A. location of the instrument station is always distant from
each of the three rays from the known points in proportion

Question 12

If f1 and f2 are the distances from the optical centre of a
convex lens of focal length f to conjugate two
points P1 and P2 respectively, the following relationship
holds good
A. 𝑓 = 𝑓1 + 𝑓2
B. f = ½(f1+f2)

C. 1/f = 1/f1+ 1/f2
D. None of these

Answer 12

C. 1/f = 1/f1+ 1/f2

Question 13

The accuracy of measurement in chain surveying, does
not depend upon
A. length of the offset
B. scale of the plotting
C. importance of the features
D. general layout of the chain lines

Answer 13

D. general layout of the chain lines

Question 14

If arithmetic sum of latitudes of a closed traverse is
∑Lat and closing error in latitude is dx, the correction for a
side whose latitude is l, as given by Transit Rule, is
a. I×(dx/Σlat)
b. I×(Σlat/dx)
c. Σlat × dx/I
d. None of these

Answer 14

a. I×(dx/Σlat)

Question 15

Closed contours of decreasing values towards their
centre, represent
A. a hill
B. a depression
C. a saddle or pass
D. a river bed

Answer 15

B. a depression

Question 16

If a 30 m chain diverges through a perpendicular
distance d from its correct alignment, the error in length, is
a. d²/60 m
b. d²/30 m
c. d²/40 m
d. d/30 m

Answer 16

a. d²/60 m

Question 17

Diopter is the power of a lens having a focal length of
A. 25 cm
B. 50 cm
C. 75 cm
D. 100 cm
E. 125 cm

Answer 17

D. 100 cm

Question 18

An imaginary line joining the points of equal elevation on
the surface of the earth, represents
A. contour surface
B. contour gradient
C. contour line
D. level line
E. none of these

Answer 18

C. contour line

Question 19

The ‘fix’ of a plane table station with three known points,
is bad if the plane table station lies
A. in the great triangle
B. outside the great triangle
C. on the circumference of the circumscribing circle
D. none of these.

Answer 19

C. on the circumference of the circumscribing circle

Question 20

If R is the radius of the main curve, θ the angle of
deflection, S the shift and L the length of the transition
curve, then, total tangent length of the curve, is
A. (R - S) tan θ/2 - L/2
B. (R + S) tan θ/2 - L/2
C. (R + S) tan θ/2 + L/2
D. (R - S) tan θ/2 + L/2
E. (R - S) cos θ/2 + L/2

Answer 20

C. (R + S) tan θ/2 + L/2

Question 21

In chain surveying field work is limited to
A. linear measurements only
B. angular measurements only
C. both linear and angular measurements
D. all the above

Answer 21

A. linear measurements only

Question 22

Two concave lenses of 60 cm focal length are cemented
on either side of a convex lens of 15 cm focal length. The
focal length of the combination is
A. 10 cm
B. 20 cm
C. 30 cm
D. 40 cm

Answer 22

C. 30 cm

Question 23

If θ is the vertical angle of an inclined sight, δ is the angle
of tilt of the staff, the error

Answer 23

a. E = 1 - [cos (θ±δ) /cosθ]
b. E = 1 - [sin (θ±δ) /sinθ]
c. E = 1 - [tan (θ±δ) /tanθ]
d. None of these

Question 24

One of the tacheometric constants is additive, the other
constant, is
A. subtractive constant
B. multiplying constant
C. dividing constant
D. indicative constant

Answer 24

B. multiplying constant

Question 25

The limiting length of an offset does not depend upon
A. accuracy of the work
B. method of setting out perpendiculars
C. scale of plotting
D. indefinite features to be surveyed

Answer 25

D. indefinite features to be surveyed

Question 26

In quadrantal bearing system, back bearing of a line may
be obtained from its forward bearing, by
A. adding 180°, if the given bearing is less than 180°
B. subtracting 180°, if the given bearing, is more than 180°
C. changing the cardinal points, i.e., substituting N for S and
E for W and vice-versa
D. none of these

Answer 26

C. changing the cardinal points, i.e., substituting N for S and
E for W and vice-versa

Question 27

If L is the perimeter of a closed traverse, ΔD is the
closing error in departure, the correction for the departure
of a traverse side of length l, according to Bowditch rule, is
a. ΔD × (L/I)
b. ΔD × (I²/L)
c. L × (I/ΔD)
d. ΔD × (I/L)

Answer 27

d. ΔD × (I/L)

Question 28

Pick up the correct statement from the following:
A. the theodolite in which telescope can be rotated in
vertical plane is called a transit
B. when the vertical circle is to the left of the telescope
during observation, it is called to be in left face
C. when the vertical circle is to the right of the telescope
during observation, it is called to be in right face
D. all the above

Answer 28

D. all the above

Question 29

Pick up the method of surveying in which field
observations and plotting proceed simultaneously from the
following
A. chain surveying
B. compass surveying
C. plan table surveying
D. tacheometric surveying

Answer 29

C. plan table surveying

Question 30

While viewing through a level telescope and moving the
eye slightly, a relative movement occurs between the image
of the levelling staff and the cross hairs. The instrument is
A. correctly focussed
B. not correctly focussed
C. said to have parallax
D. free from parallax

Answer 30

C. said to have parallax

Question 31

Accuracy of ‘fix’ by two point problem, is
A. bad
B. good
C. not reliable
D. unique

Answer 31

C. not reliable

Question 32

A bearing of a line is also known as
A. magnetic bearing
B. true bearing
C. azimuth
D. reduced bearing

Answer 32

B. true bearing

Question 33

True meridians are generally preferred to magnetic
meridians because
A. these converge to a point
B. these change due to change in time
C. these remain constant.
D. None of these

Answer 33

C. these remain constant.

Question 34

Pick up the correct statement from the following :
A. the apparent error on reversal is twice the actual error
B. the correction may be made equal to half the observed
discrepancy.
C. the good results may be obtained from a defective
instrument by reversing and taking the mean of two
erroneous results
D. all the above

Answer 34

D. all the above

Question 35

If θ is the slope of the ground and l is the measured
distance, the correction is
A. 2/ sin²
θ/2
B. 2/ cos²
θ/2
C. 2/ tan² θ/2
D. 2/ cot² θ/2

Answer 35

A. 2/ sin²
θ/2

Question 36

The most reliable method of plotting a theodolite
traverse, is
A. by consecutive co-ordinates of each station
B. by independent co-ordinates of each station
C. by plotting included angles and scaling off each traverse
leg
D. by the tangent method of plotting

Answer 36

B. by independent co-ordinates of each station

Question 37

The difference of level between a point below the plane
of sight and one above, is the sum of two staff readings and
an error would be produced equal to
A. the distance between the zero of gradient and the foot of
the staff
B. twice the distance between the zero of graduation and
the foot of the staff
C. thrice the distance between the zero of graduation and
the foot of the staff
D. none of the above

Answer 37

B. twice the distance between the zero of graduation and
the foot of the staff

Question 38

Offsets are measured with an accuracy of 1 in 40. If the
point on the paper from both sources of error (due to
angular and measurement errors) is not to exceed 0.05 cm
on a scale of 1 cm = 20 m, the maximum length of offset
should be limited to
A. 14.14
B. 28.28 m
C. 200 m
D. none of these

Answer 38

B. 28.28 m

Question 39

The probable error of the adjusted bearing at the middle
is
A. ½ 𝑟√𝑛
B.⅓ 𝑟√𝑛
C. ¼𝑟√𝑛
D. ⅕ 𝑟√?

Answer 39

A. ½ 𝑟√𝑛

Question 40

The bearings of the lines AB and BC are 146° 30’ and 68°
30’. The included angle ABC is
A. 102°
B. 78°
C. 45°
D. none of these

Answer 40

A. 102°

Question 41

For a closed traverse the omitted measurements may be
calculated
A. length of one side only
B. bearing of one side only
C. both length and bearing of one side
D. length or bearing of adjacent side
E. all the above

Answer 41

E. all the above

Question 42

The slope correction for a length of 30 m along a
gradient of 1 in 20, is
A. 3.75 cm
B. 0.375 cm
C. 37.5 cm
D. 2.75 cm

Answer 42

A. 3.75 cm

Question 43

The main principle of surveying is to work
A. from part to the whole
B. from whole to the part
C. from higher level to the lower level
D. from lower level to higher level

Answer 43

B. from whole to the part

Question 44

For the construction of highway (or railway)
A. longitudinal sections are required
B. cross sections are required
C. both longitudinal and cross sections are required
D. none of these

Answer 44

C. both longitudinal and cross sections are required

Question 45

If the radius of a simple curve is R, the length of the
chord for calculating offsets by the method of chords
produced, should not exceed.
A. R/10
B. R/15
C. R/20
D. R/25

Answer 45

C. R/20

Question 46

The sensitiveness of a level tube decreases if
A. radius of curvature of its inner surface is increased
B. diameter of the tube is increased
C. length of the vapour bubble is increased
D. both viscosity and surface tension are increased

Answer 46

D. both viscosity and surface tension are increased

Question 47

For true difference in elevations between two
points A and B, the level must be set up
A. at any point between A and B
B. at the exact mid point of A and B
C. near the point A
D. near the point B

Answer 47

B. at the exact mid point of A and B

Question 48

ABCD is a regular parallelogram plot of land whose
angle BAD is 60°. If the bearing of the line AB is 30°, the
bearing of CD, is
A. 90°
B. 120°
C. 210°
D. 270°

Answer 48

C. 210°

Question 49

Keeping the instrument height as 1.5 m, length of staff 4
m, the slope of the ground as 1 in 10, the sight on the downslope, must be less than
A. 30 m
B. 25 m
C. 20 m
D. 15 m

Answer 49

B. 25 m

Question 50

Pick up the correct statement from the following :
A. Box sextant is used for the measurement of horizontal
angles
B. Cross staff is used for setting out right angles
C. Gradiometer is used for setting out any required gradient
D. Line ranger is used for locating intermediate stations on a
survey line
E. All the above

Answer 50

E. All the above