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dysrhythmias > TNCC > Flashcards

TNCC Flashcards

1
Q

MARCH Acronym

A 
M - Massive hemorrhage
A - Airway
R - Respiration
C - Circulation
H - Head injury/Hypothermia
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2
Q

AVPU Scale

A

A: Alert and oriented
V: Responds to verbal stimuli
P: Responds only to painful stimuli
U: Unresponsive

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3
Q

FAST Exam

A

Focused Assessment with Sonography

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4
Q

hollow organs

A

gall bladder, stomach small/large bowel, worried about ruputre

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5
Q

Solid organs

A

liver spleen kidneys and pancreas

hemorrhage is the major concern; potential for rapid deterioration and death

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6
Q

Hollow organs

A

gall bladder, stomach small/large bowel, worried about rupture

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7
Q

Hollow organs

A

gall bladder, stomach small/large bowel, worried about rupture

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8
Q

Hollow organs

A

gall bladder, stomach small/large bowel, worried about rupture

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9
Q

Four phases of emergency management

A
  1. Mitigation
  2. Preparedness
  3. Response
  4. Recovery
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10
Q

Four phases of emergency management

A
  1. Mitigation
  2. Preparedness
  3. Response
  4. Recovery
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11
Q

Level I

A

Tertiary acre facility

Commonly a university affiliated

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12
Q

the most common preventable cause of death in trauma pt

A

hemorrhagic shock

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13
Q

the most common preventable cause of death in trauma pt

A

hemorrhagic shock

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14
Q

in this stage there is widespread tissue hypoxia and anaerobic metabolism

A

decompensated stage of shock (stage II)

pg 72-75

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15
Q

this management strategy allows a lower bp to avoid popping clot

A

permissive hypotension

pg 80

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16
Q

this stage is manifested by a restless pt with tachypnea, bounding pulses…

A

compensated shock stage I

pg 72-75

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17
Q

supine hypotension in a pregnant pt due to compression of the great vessels

A

aortocaval (vena cava) compression syndrome

pg 294

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18
Q

the most common preventable cause of death in trauma pt

A

Hemorrhagic shock

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19
Q

hypothermia, coagulopathy and metabolic acidosis

A

Trauma Triad of Death

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20
Q

victims disrobe, wash with soap and water and dry with towel in this process

A

decontamination

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21
Q

In this stage of shock there is:

  • Widespread tissue hypoxia
  • Anaerobic metabolism
  • Peripheral pooling of blood
  • Stage of impaired issue perfusion
A

Decompensated stage of shock (stage II)

pg 72-75

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22
Q

this management strategy allows a lower bp to avoid popping clot

A

Permissive hypotension

pg 80

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23
Q

This stage of shock is manifested by a restless pt with tachypnea, bounding pulses, and pale diaphoretic skin.

A 
Compensated shock (stage I)
pg 72-75
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24
Q

presence of rectal tone and perineal sensation in spinal shock

A

sacral sparing

pg 173

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25
Q

cervical arthritis, cerebral atrophy, gait instability

A

Physiologic changes in the geriatric pt

26
Q

victims disrobe, wash with soap and water and dry with towel in this process

A

Decontamination

27
Q

Vertical shear, lateral compression, and anterio-posterior compression

A

The 3 patterns of pelvic fractures

pg155

28
Q

picture

A

Decloving injury

29
Q

presence of rectal tone and perineal sensation in spinal shock

A

Sacral sparing

pg 173

30
Q

Rib Fx with paradoxical chest wall movement

A

flail chest

31
Q

Tear shaped pupil, loss of vision, sclera and corneal damage

A

Ruptured globe injury

32
Q

the clinical findings in this triad

  • bradycardia
  • widening pulse pressure
  • diminished respiratory effort
A

Cushings triad

pg 96

33
Q

a rare eye injury where bleeding causes bleeding behind the globe

A

Retrobulbar hematoma

pg13

34
Q

Rib Fx with paradoxical chest wall movement

A

Flail chest

35
Q

direct force is transmitted along the length of the vertebral column

A

Axial loading

pg 170

36
Q

the presence of a spinal cord injury in a child despite negative imaging

A

spinal cord injury with radiographic imag..

37
Q

an injury at or above this level of the spine result in resp compromise

A

C5

pg 167

38
Q

the presence of a spinal cord injury in a child despite negative imaging

A

Spinal cord injury with radiographic abnormality (SCIWORA)

39
Q

an injury at or above this level of the spine result in resp compromise

A

C-5

pg 167

40
Q

Diaphramatic irritation

A

Kehrs sign

pg149

41
Q

Diaphramatic irritation

A

Kehrs sign

pg149

42
Q

In this type of blast injury, pulmonary barotrauma and tympanic membrane rupture can occur

A

Primary blast injury

43
Q

This type of energy increases four times when velocity is doubled

A

Kinetic energy

44
Q

The trajectory of a driver thrown through the windshield

A

“up and over” pathway

45
Q

In this impact the internal organs collide within the body cavity

A

The third impact

46
Q

Muffled heart sounds, hypotension, and JVD

A

Symptoms of pericardial tamponade

47
Q

Shortness of breath and bowel sounds heard in the lower chest

A

Symptoms of ruptured diaphram

48
Q

150-200mL fluid necessary, does not evaluate the retroperitoneal space, and operator dependent

A

Limitations of the FAST exam

49
Q

Stages of Shock

A
  1. Compensated Shock
  2. Decompensated Shock
  3. Irreversible Shock
50
Q

Types of Shock

A
  1. Hypovolemic
  2. Obstructive Shock
  3. Cardiogenic Shock
  4. Distributive Shock
51
Q

Hypovolemic Shock

A

Etiology/Pathology:
Hemorrhage / Whole-blood loss
Burns / Plasmas loss, fluid shifts`

52
Q

Obstructive Shock

A

Etiology / Pathology:

  • Cardiac tamponade / Compression of heart w/obstruction to atrial filling
  • Tension pneumothorax / Mediastinal shift w/obstruction to atrial filling
  • Tension hemothorax /combination of compression of the heart and mediastinal shift
53
Q

Cardiogenic Shock

A

Etiology / Pathology:

  • Myocardial infarction / loss of cardiac contractility
  • Dysrhythmias / Reduced CO
  • Blunt cardiac trauma / Loss of cardiac contractility and dysrhythmias
54
Q

Distributive Shock

A

Etiology/Pathology:

  • Spinal Cord Injury (Neurogenic shock) / loss of vaso -motor tone due to decreases in sympathetic control
  • Sepsis / mediated by sstemic inflammatory resonse syndrome with hypotension and perfusion abnormalities
  • Anaphylaxis / vasodilation of vessels due to immune reaction to allergens (release of histamine)
55
Q

Cerbral Perfusion Pressure (CPP)

A

60-100 mmHg

56
Q

Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP)

A

50-150 mmHg

57
Q

Intracranial Pressure (ICP)

A

Normal is 0-15 mmHg

58
Q

Effects of CO2 on Vasculature?

A 
High CO2 (hypoventilation) = thin dilated vessels
Low CO2 (hyperventilation) = thickened narrow vessels
59
Q

Effects of CO2 on Vasculature?

A 
High CO2 (hypoventilation) = thin dilated vessels
Low CO2 (hyperventilation) = thickened narrow vessels
60
Q

Increased in sympathetic discharge
Fluid conservation by kidneys
To maintain BP and CO

A

Compensated Shock (Stage I)

61
Q

Cellular hypoxia
Severe metabolic acidosis
Multisystem failure

A

Irreversible Shock (Stage III)

dysrhythmias (3 decks)

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