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Pediatrics > TN Qs > Flashcards

TN Qs Flashcards

1
Q

3 sign

A

COA

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2
Q

6 week old baby presenting with increasing respiratory distress, diaphoresis, lerhargy

A

COA

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3
Q

a child presented with exercise intolerance, easy fatigability

disparity in pulsation and BP in the arms and legs
Weak popliteal, posterior tibial, and dorsalis pedis pulses

A

COA

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4
Q

a child presented with exercise intolerance, easy fatigability

late systolic murmur

A

MVP

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5
Q

a child presented with exercise intolerance, easy fatigability

loud harsh blowing holosystolic murmur

A

VSD

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6
Q

a child presented with exercise intolerance, easy fatigability

S2 widely split and fixed in all phases of respiration

A

ASD

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7
Q

a child presented with exercise intolerance, easy fatigability

wide pulse pressure
bounding peripheral arterial pulses
continuous murmur

A

PDA

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8
Q

a child with known CHD presents with fever, fatigue, weiggt loss, painful skin lesions on the fingers

child is an IV drug user

A

Pseudomonas

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9
Q

a child with known CHD presents with fever, fatigue, weiggt loss, painful skin lesions on the fingers

Patient has poor oral hygiene

A

S. Viridans

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10
Q

a child with known CHD presents with fever, fatigue, weight loss, painful skin lesions on the fingers

recent repair of VSD

A

Fungal

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11
Q

a child with known CHD presents with fever, fatigue, weight loss, painful skin lesions on the fingers

underwent root canal

A

S. viridans

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12
Q

A IUGR baby born to a mother with hx of infection during pregnancy

cutaneous scars

Imaging: cortical atrophy

A

Varicella

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13
Q

A IUGR baby born to a mother with hx of infection during pregnancy

purpuric hemorrhage lesions all over the body

A

Rubella (blueberry muffin baby)

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14
Q

A IUGR baby born to a mother with hx of infection during pregnancy

vesicular lesions on the face and mouth

A

HSV II

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15
Q

A IUGR baby born to a mother with hx of infection during pregnancy

chorioretinitis
microcephaly
hepatosplenomegaly
Imaging: intracerebral calcifications

A

Toxoplasmosis

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16
Q

A IUGR baby born to a mother with hx of infection during pregnancy

maculopapular rash
imaging: periostitis of the bone (rhagades, snuffles)

A

Syphillis

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17
Q

Abdominal cramps, diarrhea, sweating, no fever

ham potato salad cream pastries

A

Staphylococus

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18
Q

Abdominal cramps, diarrhea, sweating, no fever

home canned food
muscle weakness
diplopia
blurring of vision

A

Botulism

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19
Q

Abdominal cramps, diarrhea, sweating, no fever

reheated fried rice

A

B cereus

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20
Q

Abdominal pain, vomiting, +/- distention

bloody currabt jelly stool

sausage shaped RUQ mass / absence of bowel sound in RLQ
coiled sprin sign

A

intussusception

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21
Q

Abdominal pain, vomiting, +/- distention

Cant pass NGT
severe pain, emesis

Xray: omega sign, coffee bean sign

A

colonic volvulus

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22
Q

Abdominal pain, vomiting, +/- distention

normal hx or recurrent obstructive sx, painless rectal bleeding

scintigraphy scan to detect gastric tissue

A

meckels diverticulum

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23
Q

Abdominal pain, vomiting, +/- distention

postprandial vomiting
nonbilous, abdominal distention

olive shaped mass

Barium: shoulder sign, double tract sign

A

Pyloric stenosis

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24
Q

absent breath sound. pt is 3 y/o

A

foreign body

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25
Q

Alopecia with neurological sx

A

Biotin (B7)

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26
Q

barking seal

A

croup

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27
Q

Bitot spot
xerosis conjunctiva
xerosis cornea

A

Vit A

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28
Q 
blalock taussig shunt
Gore Tex conduit
aortopulmonary window shunt
waterson cooley
pott shunt
A

TOF

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29
Q

Bloody diarrhea, pus and WBC in stools

abdominal cramps, systemic toxicity after antibiotic use

A

C. difficile

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30
Q

Bloody diarrhea, pus and WBC in stools

abdominal cramps, tenesmus, abundant pus and WBC in stool

A

Shigella

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31
Q

Bloody diarrhea, pus and WBC in stools

diarrhea with blood after eating hamburger

A

EHEC

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32
Q

Bloody diarrhea, pus and WBC in stools

high fever, headache, drowsiness, confusion, meningismus, seizures, abdominal distention

history of eating egss, poultry unpasteurized milk

A

Salmonella

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33
Q

Bloody diarrhea, pus and WBC in stools

trophozoites with ingested RBC

A

amoebiasis

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34
Q

boot shaped heart

A

TOF

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35
Q 
bowleg or knock knees
caput quadratum, periostial osteoid
craniotabes
ping pong ball sensatiob
rachitic rosary, pigeon chest
harrison groove
A

Vit D

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36
Q

brassy cough

A

S. aureus

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37
Q

bubbly lungs (cystic lucencies)

A

BPD

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38
Q

child discovered to have asymptomatic microscopic hematuria during yearly check up at school

patoent wears very thick glasses and wears hearing aid

child has uncle with same condition

A

Alport syndrome

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39
Q

child with cough, colds, fever, wheezing, stridor

hyperinflation w/ bilateral interstitial infiltrates & peribronchial coughing

A

RSV

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40
Q

child with cough, colds, fever, wheezing, stridor

lobar consolidation

A

S. pneumonia

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41
Q

child with cough, colds, fever, wheezing, stridor

prominent area of cavitation and multiple pneumatocele

A

Staph

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42
Q

child with cough, colds, fever, wheezing, stridor

right sided hilar adenopathy

A

TB

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43
Q

chills, fever, arthralgia, myalgia, acutely ill looking

developing a bew heart murmur

A

S. aureus

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44
Q

coarctation of aorta associated with

A

Turner syndrome

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45
Q

coarse streaking granular pattern of both lung fields

A

meconium aspiration syn

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46
Q

cyanosis manifestibg after the first year of life, usually in an infant or toddler

A

TOF

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47
Q

cyanosis manifesting within few hours at birtg or within few days of life

A

TOGA

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48
Q

cysts appearing on the hard palate which is accumulations of epithelial cells

A

epstein pearls

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49
Q

disappears with sleep

A

habitual cough

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50
Q

edema, erythema, burning of sun exposed skin on neck and face hands on butterfly dermatitis around the neck

diarrhea, dementia

A

Niacin (B3)

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51
Q

egg shaped cardiac silhoutte with a narrow, superior mediastinum

A

TOGA

egg on a string sign

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52
Q

figure of 8

A

TAPVR

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53
Q

finely granularr lungs; ground glass appearance

A

HND/RDS

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54
Q

Follicular hyperkeratosis

perifollicular erythema and hemorrhage
bleeding, swollen gums

A

Vit C

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55
Q

Follicular hyperkeratosis

xerosis
night blindness

A

Vit A

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56
Q

fontan procedure

A

tricuspid atresia

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57
Q

generalized scaly dermatitis

alopecia
thrombocytopenia
failure to thrive

A

Essential Fatty Acid

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58
Q

hair that covers the skin of preterm infants. seen on term infants around the shoulders

A

lanugo

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59
Q

hx of atopy in the family. recurrent wheexing especially after mild viral infection or after exercise

A

asthma

1st trigger: virus

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60
Q

hx of viral infection among the family members. pt is 2 y/o

A

bronchiolitis

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61
Q

Hyperostosis

absence of metaphyseal changes

A

Vit A toxicity

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62
Q

INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS

(+) CVP
(+) Prosthetic valves

A

Strep viridans

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63
Q

INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS

after open heart procedure

A

Fungal

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64
Q

INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS

GUT or lower bowel manipulation

A

Group D strep

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65
Q

INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS

IV drug abuser

A 
#1 Staph
#2 Pseudomonas
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66
Q

INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS

normal person, no underlying disease

A

Staph

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67
Q

INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS

underlting heart disease
dental procedure

A

Strep Viri

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68
Q

inverted e sign

A

COA

69
Q

jaundice AFTER 24 H
2-3 DAYS
baby normal

A

Physiologic

70
Q

jaundice AFTER 24 H
3-4 days
mother supplements feeding with sugar water

A

breast feeding jaundice

71
Q

jaundice AFTER 24 H
> 1 week
baby is purely breastfed

A

breast milk jaundice

72
Q

jaundice WITHIN 24 H

First born

A

ABO Incompatibility

73
Q

jaundice WITHIN 24 H

history of maternal infection during preg

A

TORCH infection

74
Q

jaundice WITHIN 24 H

history of prol 2nd stage of labor, no prenatal check up

A

Sepsis (PROM >18H)

75
Q

jaundice WITHIN 24 H

second born child

A

RH incomp; ABO incomp

76
Q

LM: Diffuse thickening of glomerular capillary walls
IF: granular IgG C3
EM: sub epithelial deposits of electron dense material

A

Membranous GN

77
Q

LM: focal segmental sclerosis and hyalinosis

EM: loss of foot process, epithelial denudation

A

FSGS

78
Q

LM: large, hypercellular glomeruli
increased mesangial matirx
double contour or tram track appearance

A

membranoproliferative GN

79
Q

LM: normal

EM: diffuse effacement of epithelial foot process, no deposits

A

Minimal change

80
Q

most common solid tumor outside CNS

A

neuroblastoma

81
Q

malignancy with highest mortality

A

BRAIN (PNET)

82
Q

most common solid tumor

A

brain tumor

83
Q

most common malignancy

A

leukemia ALL

84
Q

most common soft tissue tumor

A

rhabdomyosarcoma

85
Q

most severe in the morning

A

cystic fibrosis

86
Q

mother is alcoholic

expected heart defect

A

VSD, PS

87
Q

mother took aspirin

expected heart defect

A

PPHPN

88
Q

mother took Lithiun

expected heart defect

A

Ebstein Anomaly

89
Q

mother with DM

expected heart defect

A

TOGA

90
Q

mother with RUBELLA

expected heart defect

A

PDA, Pulm Stenosis

91
Q

mother with SLE

expected heart defect

A

complete heart block

92
Q

mottling of the skin with venous prominence. cobblesrone, lacy appearance

A

cutis marmorata

93
Q

Neonate presenting with systemic hypoperfusion & shock with low cardiac output and weak peripheral pulses. severe respiratory distress and grunting.

neonate is 4 days old and is cyanotic

A

TAPVR

94
Q

Neonate presenting with systemic hypoperfusion & shock with low cardiac output and weak peripheral pulses. severe respiratory distress and grunting.

neonate is 4 days old and is not cyanotic

A

hypoplastic L heart disease

95
Q

norwood procedure

glenn anastomosis

A

hypoplastic L heart syndrome

96
Q

open and closed comedones or inflammatory pustules and papules on the cheeks of the baby usually after a week from.delivery

A

neonatal acne

97
Q

patient presenting with CNS infection…
Prefrontal headache, high fever, disturbance in smell

hx of swimming in warm water

A

Naegleria fowleri

brain eating amobiasis

98
Q

patient presenting with CNS infection

ascending paralysis
history of GIT infection

A

Campylobacter

99
Q

patient presenting with CNS infection

ascending paralysis

history of Respi infection

A

Hib

100
Q

patient presenting with CNS infection

bells palsy

systemic disease, cutaneous lesion, carditis

A

Borrelia

101
Q

patient presenting with CNS infection

headache, fever confusion, lethargy, nuchal rigidity, vomiting

gradual onset of signs and symptoms, not toxic looking

A

Virus (enterovirus)

102
Q

patient presenting with CNS infection

headache, fever confusion, lethargy, nuchal rigidity, vomiting

no mention of proper vaccine <5yo

A

Hib

103
Q

patient presenting with CNS infection

headache, fever confusion, lethargy, nuchal rigidity, vomiting

properly vaccinated child, abrupt onset, toxic looking with rashes all over

A

meningococcemia

104
Q

patient presenting with CNS infection

headache, fever confusion, lethargy, nuchal rigidity, vomiting

RBCs in CSF

A

HSV

105
Q

patient presenting with CNS infection

headache, fever confusion, lethargy, nuchal rigidity, vomiting

renal transplant

A

Listeria

106
Q

patient presenting with CNS infection

headache, fever confusion, lethargy, nuchal rigidity, vomiting

young adult

A

pneumococcus

107
Q

patient presenting with CNS infection

lethargy and irritability

history of viral infection
chicken pox
aspirin use

A

Reye Syndrome

108
Q

patient presenting with CNS infection

ocular nerve palsy

hsitory of Tb
active TB

A

TB meningitis

109
Q

patient presenting with CNS infection

sepsis, seizure, irritability, bulging of fontanelles, rigidity

pt <2mos

A

Group B strep

110
Q

patient presenting with hematuria, hypertension, and signs of renal insufficiency

3 weeks ago with SVI

Purpuric rasg mist prominent at the buttocks

pain in the joints

A

HSP

111
Q

patient presenting with hematuria, hypertension, and signs of renal insufficiency

history of hemoptysis and severe respi distresss

A

Good pasture

112
Q

patient presenting with hematuria, hypertension, and signs of renal insufficiency

hx of vomiting and bloody diarrhea and fever

hx of eating hamburger

A

HUS

113
Q

patient presents s/sx of upper respiratory obstruction

air trapping on the right lung with mediastinal shift towards right lung

A

foreign body; atelectasis

tx: rigid bronchoscopy

114
Q

patient presents s/sx of upper respiratory obstruction

patchy infiltrates and ragged tracheal column

A

tracheitis (s.aureus)

tx penicillin

115
Q

patient presents s/sx of upper respiratory obstruction

steeple sign

A

Croup

tx: racemic mixture

116
Q

patient presents s/sx of upper respiratory obstruction

thumb sign

A

epiglotitis

tx: antibiotics

117
Q

patient presents with sore, scratchy throat, nasal obstructiob and rhinorrhea

headache, facial pain periorbital edema, rhinorrhea for >2 weeks

A

sinusitis

118
Q

patient presents with sore, scratchy throat, nasal obstructiob and rhinorrhea

hx of prolonged use of topical or oral decongestant

A

rhinitis medicamentosa

119
Q

patient presents with sore, scratchy throat, nasal obstructiob and rhinorrhea

paroxysms of cough leaving the baby breathless & conjunctival hemorrhage

A

whooping cough

120
Q

patient presents with sore, scratchy throat, nasal obstructiob and rhinorrhea

persistent rhinorrhea with onset in the 1st 3 mos of life

A

congenital syphyllis

121
Q

patient presents with sore, scratchy throat, nasal obstructiob and rhinorrhea

prominent itchibg and sneezing nasal eosinophilia

A

allergic rhinitis

122
Q

patient presents with sore, scratchy throat, nasal obstructiob and rhinorrhea

unilateral foul smelling discharge, bloody nasal secretion

A

foreign body

123
Q

pearly white papules seen mostly on the chin and around the cheeks

A

milia

124
Q

Pellagra
Casal necklace
pellagrous glove and boots
glove and boot lesions

A

Niacin (B3)

125
Q

perihilar streaking

A

neonatal.pneumonia

126
Q

Perleche

A

B2

127
Q

pink macular lesions on the nape glabella upper, eyelids, or nasolabial region

A

nevus simplex

128
Q

prominent pulmonary vasculat marking; fluid line in fissure

A

TTN

129
Q

pt with fever, cough, and tachypnea

hx of eye discharge during the 1st 5-14 days of neonatal period

A

Chlamydia

130
Q

pt with fever, cough, and tachypnea

poorly nourished
unvaccinated
with onset of rasges all over the body

A

measles

131
Q

pt with fever, cough, and tachypnea

pt has CF
pt has CGD
pt is a burn pt
pt is neutropenic

A

Pseudomonas

132
Q

pt with fever, cough, and tachypnea

pt has his own aviarium in his home

A

psittacosis

133
Q

pt with fever, cough, and tachypnea

pt is a teen/young adult, lives in dorm
initial cough is nonproductive

A

mycoplasma

134
Q

Rashkind atrial septostomy
Jantene arterial switch
Senning and Mustard

A

TOGA

135
Q

rib notching on xray

A

COA

136
Q

slate blue well demarcated areas of pigmentation over buttocks and back

A

mongolian spots

137
Q

small white occcasionally vesiculopustular papules in an erythematous base develops after 1-3days. contains eosinophil

A

erythema toxicum

138
Q

snowman appearance

A

TAPVR

139
Q

staccato cough

A

chlamydia

140
Q

sudden onset of gross hematuria

history of strep throat ornpyoderma

severely depressed C3 level

A

PSGN

141
Q

sudden onset of gross hematuria

patient is febrile with URT infection or GIT infection

normal C3

A

IgA nephropathy

142
Q

thick white creamy material usually absent in post term.infants

A

vernix caseosa

143
Q

tight sounding with wheezing

A

asthma

144
Q

Vesiculobullou eczematous, dry scaly or psoriasiform lesions, symmetric perioral acral and perianal areas

chronic diarrhea, stomatitis, glossitis, irritability,

A

Zinc

145
Q

vesiculopustular eruption over a dark macular base around the chin, neck, back, and soles. contains neutrophils

A

pustular melanosis

146
Q

Watery diarrhea, vomiting after history of travel

A

ETEC

147
Q

Watery diarrhea, vomiting
day care center
infants and toddlers

A

Rota virus

ETEC

148
Q

Watery diarrhea, vomiting

greasy stool after camping

A

giargia lamblia

149
Q

Watery diarrhea, vomiting

profuse diarrhea after eating raw ousters or undercooked shellfish

A

Vibrio parahemolyticus

150
Q

Watery diarrhea, vomiting

profuse diarrhea and vomiting
flecks if mucous on voluminous diarrhea

A

Cholera

151
Q

what is the earliest joint hemorrhages in children?

A

ankles

152
Q

what is the hallmark of hemophilia?

A

Prolonged bleeding

153
Q

what is the most common and most serious congenital coagulation factor deficiencies?

A

Hemophilia A

154
Q

what is the most common hereditary bleeding disorder?

A

von willebrand

155
Q

what is the most common hereditary hypercoagualable disorder?

A

Factor V leiden

156
Q

wheezes are heard loudest over tge trachea. persistent wheezing never seems to go away

A

chondromalacia

157
Q

white line on end of shafts

scorbutic rosary

A

Vit C

158
Q

whooping/ post tussive vomiting

A

bordetella

159
Q

with vigorous exercise

A

asthma

160
Q

Mosy common cause of hemolytic disease of the newborm

A

ABO incompatibility

161
Q

patient presents s/sx of upper respiratory obstruction

subglottic narrowing

A

croup

tx: racemic epinephrine

162
Q

Most common hematologic disease of infancy and childhood

A

IDA

163
Q

Crew cut appearance on xray of skull

Moth eaten appearance

A

Sickle Cell Anemia

164
Q

Most common seizure disorder durong childjood

A

Simple Febrile Seizure

165
Q

Most commkn pediatric inflammatory myopathies

A

Juvenile Dermatomyositis

166
Q

First line tx for dermatomyositis

A

Methylprednisolone

167
Q

Pathophysiologic mechanism involved in HSP

A

Deposition of IgA and immune complexes (Type III)

Affected vessel: small arteries

168
Q

Most common cause of bibthrombocytopenic purpura in children

A

HSP

169
Q

Diagnostic criteria for SLE

A 
StosenOAP BRAIN MD
Serositis
Oral ulcers
Arthritis
Photosensitivity

Blood changes
Renal disorder

Pediatrics (1 decks)

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