Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MS II > TMJ Lecture 1 > Flashcards

TMJ Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is TMJ?

A

Refers to temporomandibular joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is TMD?

A

Disorders of the joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is CMD?

A

Craniomandibular disorder

- Broader definition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where does TMD rank in terms of chronic pain world wide? (1st?, 5th?, 10th?, etc…)

A

3rd

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Do women or men more commonly develop TMD?

A

Women (3.3:1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When does TMD peak?

A

Between 20 - 40 years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When does TMJ disc displacement/ internal derrangements peak?

A

30 years of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When does arthridies of the TMJ peak?

A

50 years of age

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 3 skeletal components of the TMJ?

A
  • Maxilla
  • Temporal bone
  • Mandible
    (condyle forms a bony joint partner)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the shapes of the mandibular joint surfaces?

A
  • Convex anterior-posteriorly, and medial-laterally
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which pole of the mandible is most prominent from an anterior view?

A

Medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What structure of the temporal bone does the mandible slide over during mouth opening?

A

The articular eminence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where does the mandibular bone rest with the mouth shut?

A
  • On the mandibular fossa
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which portion of the articular disc is thinnest?

A

The middle portion between the anterior and posterior aspects.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What structure controls the movement of the disc from the posterior aspect?

A

The retrodiscal laminae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What structure on the anterior aspect of the disc helps to control movement?

A

The lateral pterygoid muscle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What structural effect does the disc have on the joint space?

A
  • Divides it into an upper and lower portion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the 4 passive structures that stabilize the TMJ?

A
  • Joint capsule
  • Lateral TM ligament
  • Stylomandibular ligament
  • Sphenomandibular ligament
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the 2 lateral ligaments of the TMJ, and what is their function?

A
  • Lateral temporomandibular ligament
  • Stylomandibular ligament
  • Control end-range positioning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What structures are closely associated with the TMJ passive structures?

A
  • Nerves and blood vessels
  • Maxillary artery
  • Lingual nerve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What ligament is found on the medial side of the TMJ?

A
  • Sphenomandibular ligament
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What areas receive sensory innervation from C2, C3, and C4?

A

C2: Back half of the head
C3: Lower posterior portion of head into the shoulder
C4: Shoulder, anterior and posterior thorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What nerve innervates the face?

A
  • The trigeminal nerve
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Which trigeminal nerves are purely sensory, and what portions of the face do they innervate?

A
  • Opthalmic: Forehead to eyes

- Maxillary: Maxilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Which trigeminal nerve is both sensory and motor? What does it innervate?

A
  • Mandibular nerve
  • Sensory to mouth and jaw
  • Motor control of muscles of mastication
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Where does the afferent input of the trigeminal nerve originate before it enters the spinal tract?

A

At the level of the pons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What other pain fibers also synapse on the spinal nucleus of the the trigeminal nerve?

A

C1 - C4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What 4 muscles close the jaw?

A
  • Temporalis
  • Masseter
  • Medial pterygoid
  • Portions of lateral pterygoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What 4 muscles open the jaw?

A
  • Diagastric
  • Mylohyoid
  • Genohyoid
  • Omohyoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What 3 muscles assist gravity in opening the mouth?

A
  • Infrahyoid
  • Suprahyoid
  • Inferior head of lateral pterygoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Which portion of the lateral pterygoid may be active in pulling the disc forward in mouth opening?

A
  • Superior head of lateral pterygoid.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What 3 muscles are concentrically active during mouth closing?

A
  • Temporalis
  • Masseter
  • Medial pterygoid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What muscle is eccentrically active during mouth closing?

A
  • Superior head of lateral pterygoid
34
Q

What 5 muscles are innervated by the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve?

A
  • Masseter
  • Temporalis
  • Medial Pterygoid
  • Inferior Lateral Pterygoid
  • Superior Lateral Pterygoid
35
Q

What is the bilateral, and unilateral action of the inferior lateral pterygoid?

A
  • Bilateral: Protrusion

- Unilateral: Lateral deviation to contralateral side

36
Q

What amount of ROM occurs in the early and late phases of TMJ opening?

A

Early: 35 - 50 %
Late: 50 - 65 %

37
Q

What amount of translation of the mandible on the temporal bone occurs in the early and late phases of opening?

A

20 - 25 mm in both

38
Q

Where does rotation occur in the joint space, and during which phase of opening?

A
  • Rotation in the inferior joint space during the early phase of mouth opening
39
Q

Where does anterior translation occur in the joint space, and during which phase of opening?

A
  • Translation of the mandible and the disc on the temporal bone occurs in the superior joint space
40
Q

What structure’s tension increases during the early phase?

A
  • Oblique portion of lateral TM ligament
41
Q

What structure’s tension increases during the late phase of mouth opening?

A
  • Superior retrodiscal lamina
42
Q

What are the means and lower limits of normal of mouth openingfor men and women of the TMJ?

A

Female: 53/ 38
Male: 58/ 42

43
Q

When does the mandible slip over the articular eminence?

A

At 3/4ths opening

44
Q

When does rotation occur during mouth closing, and when does translation occur during mouth closing?

A

Early: Translation
Late: Posterior rotation

45
Q

What structure pulls the disc back into place during TMJ closing?

A
  • The retrodiscal lamina
46
Q

What structure controls movement of the disc during mouth closing? During which phase does this occur?

A
  • The superior lateral pterygoid controls the movement of the disc during the early phase of TMJ closing
47
Q

What is the arthrokinematic motion of the TMJ during protrusion?

A
  • Bilateral anterior translation of the mandible in the superior joint space
48
Q

How is protrusion measured?

A

Have teeth slightly separated, protrude the jaw, and measure with a ruler

49
Q

What are the arthrokinematic motions of lateral glides of the TMJ?

A
  • Ipsilateral rotation around the condyle of the mandible

- Contralateral anterior translation of the condyle in the anterior joint space

50
Q

What is the average motion and lower limit of normal of lateral glides of the TMJ?

A

10mm/5mm

51
Q

What does regional interdependence require the practitioner to consider when evaluating the TMJ?

A
  • Upper and lower C-spine
  • Upper T-spine
  • Potentially beyond
52
Q

What muscles have increased passive tension due to forward head posture?

A
  • Suprahyoid
  • Infrahyoid
  • Potential shortened SCM
53
Q

In what direction does a forward head posture pull the mandible? What functional effect does this have?

A
  • Inferiorly
  • Posteriorly
  • Occlusal pattern changes
54
Q

According to a study by Nicolakis, what were the 3 effects of c-spine position on the TMJ?

A
  • Masseter and Temporalis muscle EMG changes
  • Mandibular movement changes
  • Rest position changes
55
Q

What are the 3 classic signs/ symptoms of TMD?

A
  • TMJ pain and/or myofascial pain in the craniomandibulocervical area
  • TMJ sounds
  • Restriction, deviation or defleciton of the jaw during opening/ closing
56
Q

What are 6 variable symptoms associated with TMD?

A
  • Neck pain
  • Facial pain
  • Ear pain
  • Tinnitus
  • Dizziness
  • Headaches
57
Q

What percentage of patients with TMD have joint sounds?

A

29 % - 66 %

58
Q

What percentage of patients were found to have symptoms by Gesch?

A

49.9 %

59
Q

How can a patient’s body chart be modified with TMD like symptoms?

A
  • More focused on the cranial region
60
Q

Should TMD always be treated conservatively initially?

A
  • Yes, if there are no contraindications
61
Q

What are the 3 elements of the biopsychosocial model of TMD treatment?

A
  • Dental
  • Psychosocial
  • Musculoskeletal
62
Q

In what type of patients is the psychosocial element especially influential?

A

Patients with chronic conditions

63
Q

What is the dental element of TMD dysfunction?

A
  • Teeth malalignment
  • Missing teeth
  • Extra teeth
64
Q

What is the treatment of dental TMD?

A
  • Dental surgery

- Alignment correction

65
Q

What is evidence supporting a relationship between TMD and occlusion patterns?

A
  • Present, but inconclusive as to which type
66
Q

What is major contributing factor of TMD symptoms?

A
  • Bruxism
67
Q

What is bruxism?

A
  • Involuntary, non-functional grinding or clenching of teeth
68
Q

Which type of bruxism is more storngly associated with TMD?

A
  • Daytime (vs. nighttime)
69
Q

How successful has Flat Plane occlusal appliances proven to be in RTCs?

A

Same results as placebo.

May need to find the categorization of people on whom it works.

70
Q

Intake of what type of beverage can lead to bruxism?

A
  • Caffeinated beverages
71
Q

What factors make up the psychosocial component of TMD?

A
  • Behaviors/ habits

- Emotional and stress influences

72
Q

What parafunctional oral behaviors should be assessed during the patients history for influence on TMD?

A
  • Chewing pencil
  • Smoking cigars
  • Chewing gum
  • Tongue thrusting
73
Q

What 3 mental factors can influence TMD?

A
  • Depression
  • Anxiety
  • Stress
74
Q

What type of approach is recommended for TMD in addition to (or in replacement of) conservative therapy?

A
  • Cognitive-behavioral approach
75
Q

CBT has been proven to be successful in improving: pain, function, and ____

A

Beliefs and behaviors

76
Q

What 3 health professionals working together result in the best outcomes for TMD?

A
  • Dentist
  • Psychologist
  • Physical Therapist
77
Q

What are the 7 classifications of MS conditions in TMD?

A
  • Capsulitis/ Synovitis
  • Capsular Fibrosis
  • Disorders of Muscles of Mastication
  • Hypermobiltiy
  • Anterior disc displacement with reduction
  • Anterior disc displacement without reduction
  • Osteoarthritis
78
Q

Which classification is the most common?

A
  • Muscle disorders
79
Q

What should be considered when classifying a patient?

A

Categories are not mutually exclusive. The patient commonly falls into multiple

80
Q

What is meant by anterior displacement “with reduction”?

A
  • Disc reduces (pops) on either opening or closing or both

MS II (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions