TLRs Flashcards
CLRs
C-type lectin Receptors
Where are CLRs
transmembrane proteins on plasma cells
CLRs recognise
Glycans- from wall of fungi and some bacteria
CLR activates
syk, CARD9/MALT1/ Bcl-10 adapter complex
example of CLRs
Dectin-1 recognise Beta 1 glucans on the cell wall of fungi
NLR
Nod-like Receptors
NLR subfamilies
NLPRs, AIM2, NOD1 and NOD2
Where are NLRs
Cytoplasm
What do NLRs recognise
Bacteria, viral, parasitic and fungal PAMPs
AIM2 detects
Viral and bacterial DNA
wHAT DOES aim2 FORM
MULTIPROTEIN SIGNALLING COMPLEXES (INFLAMMASOMES)
General function of inflammasome
Activates caspase-1-mediated processing and IL-1B, IL-18
What do NOD1 and NOD2 recognise
bacterial peptidoglycan
TLRs
Toll-like receptors
where are TLRs
transmembrane proteins at plasma membrane or endosomes
TLR recognise
Proteins, nucleic acids, glycans
TLRs activate
MAP kinase, NFkB and IRF pathways
example of TLR
TLR4 recognises LPS, component of gram negative bacteria wall
LPS
Lipopolysaccharides
RLR
RIG-like receptors
Where are RIGs
cytoplasmic sensors of viral RNA
RIG signal
via Mitochondrial adapter protein (MAVs)
RIG
trigger antiviral responses including production of type 1 interferon
TLR3, 7/8 and 9
9 recognise viral RNA or DNA to induce the expression of type I interferon
Viral genomes
ssRNA, DNA, dsRNA
what is unique about the structural components of viruses
varied and highly mutated
