tle Flashcards
What are the benefits of whole grain cereals?
- Rich source of essential vitamins and minerals
- Low in saturated fats, good source of polyunsaturated fats
- Cholesterol-free
- High in soluble and insoluble fiber
- Necessary for growth and development
- Decrease the risk of heart diseases
- Good source of antioxidants and phytochemicals
What are the three main parts of a whole grain?
- Bran
- Endosperm
- Germ
What is the difference between whole grains and refined grains?
- Whole grains contain the entire grain kernel (bran, germ, endosperm)
- Refined grains have been milled, removing the bran and germ
- Whole grains are harder to store and have better nutritional value
- Refined grains have a finer texture and improved shelf life
What is milling?
Milling is a process that removes the bran and germ from grains
True or False: Whole grains are higher in fiber than refined grains.
True
What nutrients are found in the germ of whole grains?
- Vitamin E
- Folate
- Phosphorus
- Thiamin
- Magnesium
What are cereals?
Cereals are seeds of certain grasses, including wheat, oats, rice, barley, corn, rye, and buckwheat
Fill in the blank: Whole grains must be stored carefully because they contain healthy oils found largely in the _______.
[germ]
What is the primary carbohydrate found in plant-based foods?
Starch
What are examples of cereals?
- Wheat
- Rice
- Corn
- Oats
What are the main varieties of barley?
- Two-row barley
- Six-row barley
What is a key characteristic of two-row barley?
Only the central spikelet in each group of three is fertile
What is the significance of six-row barley?
- Higher protein content
- Often used for animal feed
- More cost-effective for large-scale commercial brewing
What is sorghum used for?
- Food
- Livestock feed
- Ethanol production
What distinguishes brown rice from white rice?
Brown rice is unpolished and retains its bran, making it more nutritious
What is the texture of glutinous rice when cooked?
Sticky and chewy
What is the main use of cornstarch?
Thickening agent for soups, puddings, and pie fillings
What types of rice are commonly recognized?
- Short-grain
- Medium-grain
- Long-grain
What is the nutritional significance of oats?
- High in protein
- High in soluble fiber
- Contains vitamins
What is the calorie content of 100g of wheat?
339 calories
True or False: Whole grains have a longer shelf life than refined grains.
False
What is the role of phytochemicals found in whole grains?
Act as antioxidants which neutralize free radicals
