Title 4: CRIMES AGAINST PUBLIC INTEREST

Question 1

ACTS PUNISHED

ART. 161. COUNTERFEITING THE GREAT SEAL OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, THE SIGNATURE OR STAMP OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE

Answer 1

(1) Forging the great seal of the Government of the
Philippines;

(2) Forging the signature of the President;
(3) Forging the Stamp of the President.

Question 2

ELEMENTS

ART. 162: USING FORGED SIGNATURE OR COUNTERFEIT SEAL OR STAMP

Answer 2

a. The great seal of the Republic was counterfeited, or the signature or stamp of the Chief Executive was
forged by another person;

b. Offender knew of the counterfeiting or forgery;
c. Used the counterfeit seal or forged signature or stamp

Question 3

ELEMENTS

ART. 163: MAKING AND IMPORTING AND UTTERING FALSE COINS

Answer 3

a. Existence of false or counterfeited coins;
b. Offender made or imported or uttered such coins;
c. In case of uttering such false coins, he connived with counterfeiters or importers

Question 4

ACTS PUNISHED

ART. 164: MUTILATION OF COINS; IMPORTATION AND UTTERANCE OF MUTILATED COINS

Answer 4

(1) Mutilating coins of the legal currency, with the further requirement that there be intent to damage or to defraud another;
(2) Importing or uttering such mutilated coins in connivance with mutilators or importers.

(3) Mutilation is the only article which requires:
a. Legal Currency (“Legal Tender”)
b. Philippine Coin

Question 5

ACTS PUNISHED

ART. 165: SELLING OF FALSE OR MUTILATED COIN, WITHOUT CONNIVANCE

Answer 5

(1) Possession of a coin mutilated or counterfeited by another, with intent to utter, knowing that the coin is false or mutilated;
(2) Actually uttering such false or mutilated coin, knowing the same to be false or mutilated.

Question 6

ACTS PUNISHED

ART. 166. FORGING TREASURY OR BANK NOTES ON OTHER DOCUMENTS PAYABLE TO BEARER; IMPORTING, AND
UTTERING SUCH FALSE OR FORGED NOTES AND DOCUMENTS

Answer 6

(1) Forging or falsification of treasury or bank note or other documents payable to bearer;

(2) Importation of false or forged obligations or
notes;

(3) Uttering of false or forged obligations or notes, in connivance with the forgers or importers

Question 7

DEFINITION - FORGERY

ART. 166. FORGING TREASURY OR BANK NOTES ON OTHER DOCUMENTS PAYABLE TO BEARER; IMPORTING, AND UTTERING SUCH FALSE OR FORGED NOTES AND DOCUMENTS

Answer 7

The giving to a treasury or bank note or any instrument payable to the bearer the appearance of a true and genuine document

Question 8

DEFINITION - FALSIFICATION

ART. 166. FORGING TREASURY OR BANK NOTES ON OTHER DOCUMENTS PAYABLE TO BEARER; IMPORTING, AND UTTERING SUCH FALSE OR FORGED NOTES AND DOCUMENTS

Answer 8

The erasing, substituting, counterfeiting or altering by any means, the figures, letters, words, or signs contained therein.

Question 9

DEFINITION - IMPORTATION

ART. 166. FORGING TREASURY OR BANK NOTES ON OTHER DOCUMENTS PAYABLE TO BEARER; IMPORTING, AND UTTERING SUCH FALSE OR FORGED NOTES AND DOCUMENTS

Answer 9

The bringing notes forged or falsified in a foreign country

into the Philippines

Question 10

DEFINITION - UTTERANCE

ART. 166. FORGING TREASURY OR BANK NOTES ON OTHER DOCUMENTS PAYABLE TO BEARER; IMPORTING, AND UTTERING SUCH FALSE OR FORGED NOTES AND DOCUMENTS

Answer 10

The offering obligations or notes as genuine, knowing them to be false or forged, with intent to defraud, whether the offer is accepted or not

Question 11

NOTES AND OTHER OBLIGATIONS THAT MAY BE FORGED OR FALSIFIED UNDER ART. 166

ART. 166. FORGING TREASURY OR BANK NOTES ON OTHER DOCUMENTS PAYABLE TO BEARER; IMPORTING, AND UTTERING SUCH FALSE OR FORGED NOTES AND DOCUMENTS

Answer 11

(1) Treasury or bank notes;
(2) Certificates;
(3) Other obligations and securities payable to bearer;
(4) PNB checks are commercial documents and are not covered by Art. 166.

Question 12

ELEMENTS

ART. 167: COUNTERFEITING, IMPORTING AND UTTERING INSTRUMENTS NOT PAYABLE TO BEARER

Answer 12

a. Existence of an instrument payable to order or, other document not payable to bearer;
b. Offender either forged, imported, or uttered such instrument; and
c. In case of uttering, offender connived with the forger or importer.

Question 13

ELEMENTS

ART. 168: ILLEGAL POSSESSION AND USE OF FALSE TREASURY OR BANK NOTES AND OTHER INSTRUMENTS OF CREDIT

Answer 13

a. Any treasury or bank note or certificate or other obligations and securities either payable to bearer or payable to order or other documents not payable to bearer is forged or falsified by another person;
b. Offender knows that such instrument is forged or falsified;

c. He performs any of the following:
i. Using any such forged/falsified instrument;
ii. Possessing with intent to use such instrument

Question 14

ACTS PUNISHED

ART. 169: HOW FORGERY IS COMMITTED

Answer 14

(1) Forgery/Counterfeiting
By giving to a treasury or bank note or any instrument the appearance of a true genuine document.

(2) Falsification
Erasing, substituting, counterfeiting or altering by any means the figures, letters, words or signs contained therein.

Question 15

ELEMENTS

ART. 170: FALSIFICATION OF LEGISLATIVE DOCUMENTS

Answer 15

a. A bill, resolution or ordinance enacted or approved or pending approval by either House, or any provincial board or municipal council;
b. Offender alters the same;
c. He has no proper authority to do so; and
d. The alteration has changed the meaning of the document.

Question 16

ELEMENTS - OFFENDER

ART. 171: FALSIFICATION BY PUBLIC OFFICER, EMPLOYEE OR NOTARY OR ECCLESIASTIC MINISTER

Answer 16

i. public officer or employee;
ii. notary public;

iii. ecclesiastical minister if he commits a falsification affecting the civil status of
persons;