Tissues - Revision (Summer 2023)

Question 1

What are the 4 body tissues?

Answer 1

Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous

Question 2

Function of epithelial tissues?

Answer 2

Protects body
Can be secretory or absorben

Question 3

Function of connective tissues?

Answer 3

Support & hold all organs & tissues
Transport system

Question 4

Function of Muscle tissue

Answer 4

Organised movement in the body

Question 5

Function of nervous tissue

Answer 5

Transmit nerve impulses from one area to another

Question 6

How is epithelium classified?

Answer 6

By the number of layer of cells
&
Shape of cells

Question 7

3 basic shapes of epithelium?

Answer 7

Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar

Question 8

Simple squamous epithelium

Answer 8

One layer thick
Thin & delicate
Permeability to molecules
e.g. lining of blood vessels
e.g. alveoli of lungs

Question 9

Simple cuboidal epithelium

Answer 9

One cell thick
e.g. many glands & ducts

Question 10

Simple columnar epithelium

Answer 10

One layer thick
Absorptive organs
e.g. intestinves
Secretory organs
e.g. digestive glands

Question 11

Ciliated columnar epithelium

Answer 11

Single layer - column shaped
e.g. upper RT
e.g. uterine tubes

Question 12

Stratified epithelium

Answer 12

Thicker & tougher
Subject to wear & friction
e.g skin epidermis

Question 13

Transitional epithelium

Answer 13

Can distend & take diff. pressures
e.g. bladder & ureters

Question 14

Glandular epithelium

Answer 14

Modification of epithelial tissue
Produces & releases secretory products

Question 15

Different connective tissue categories

Answer 15

Blood
Haemopoeitic
Areolar/ loose
Adipose/ fatty
Fibrous/dense
Cartilage
Bone

Question 16

Connective tissue: blood

Answer 16

Transports nutrients, oxygen & waste

Question 17

Connective tissue: haemopoietic

Answer 17

Jelly-like
Forms bone marrow in long bones
Forms blood cells

Question 18

Connective tissue: loose/areolar

Answer 18

Most widely present
Contains:
- 2 types of protein fibres: collagen & elastic
- fat cells
- macrophages

Question 19

Connective tissue: adipose

Answer 19

Mostly fat-filled cells close together
Energy reserve
Insulation
Protective layer
e.g. kidney

Question 20

Connective tissue: fibrous/ dense

Answer 20

Collagen fibre bundles
v. few fibroblasts
2 arrangements of fibres: parallel & irregular

Question 21

Connective tissue: cartilage

Answer 21

Rigid but flexible
Can bear weight
No blood supply
Nutrition: fibrous sheath/perichondrium
3 types of cartilage: hyaline, elastic & fibrocartilage

Question 22

Connective tissue: bone

Answer 22

Living tissue
Can remodel & repair
Compact or cancellous
Haversian canals - run through bone matrix

Question 23

Connective tissue: 3 types of muscle tissues

Answer 23

Skeletal
Smooth
Cardiac

Question 24

Connective tissue: skeletal muscle

Answer 24

Attached to skeleton
Brings movement
Voluntary
Muscle fibres = long, cylindrical and parallel
Each fibre MUO myofibrils (actin & myosin)

Question 25

Connective tissue: smooth muscle

Answer 25

Unstriated
Involuntary/ Autonomic nervous sys.
Visceral
e.g. walls of BV, dig. tract, RT

Question 26

Connective tissue: cardiac muscle

Answer 26

Involuntary
Fibres linked by intercalated discs
Int. discs - nerve umpulses v quick

Question 27

Connective tissue: nervous tissues’ main function

Answer 27

Transmit nerve impulses from 1 area 2 another

Question 28

Connective tissue: main cells of nervous tissues

Answer 28

Neuron

Question 29

Connective tissue: main parts of the neuron

Answer 29

Dendrons
Nucleus
Axon
Myelin
Schwann cells

Question 30

Connective tissue: function of dendrons?

Answer 30

Take info to cell

Question 31

Connective tissue: function of axon?

Answer 31

Take info away from cell

Question 32

Connective tissue: function of synapses

Answer 32

Transfer nerve impulses from 1 neuron to another

Question 33

Function(s) of connective tissue

Answer 33

Transport system
Support & hold all organs & tissues