Tissues and Cells Flashcards
What is the basic building unit of life?
Cell
Cells are the fundamental units that make up all living organisms.
What surrounds the cell and is selectively permeable?
Cell membrane
The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
What is the jelly-like substance inside the cell called?
Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm contains various organelles and is where many cellular processes occur.
What is the role of the cell nucleus?
Controls all cellular activities
The nucleus houses genetic material and regulates gene expression.
How many chromosomes do human cells typically contain?
46 chromosomes
This number is consistent across all human somatic cells.
What are the smaller units within chromosomes that convey genetic information?
Genes
Genes are segments of DNA that determine specific traits and characteristics.
Fill in the blank: The basic component of the cell is _______.
Cytoplasm
Cytoplasm is essential for cellular function and structure.
True or False: The number of chromosomes is the same for all species.
False
Different species have varying numbers of chromosomes.
What substances are dissolved in the cytoplasm?
- Glucose
- Fatty acids
- Amino acids
- Salts (sodium, potassium)
- Carbon dioxide
- Hormones
- Enzymes
- Uric acid
These substances are crucial for various metabolic processes.
What type of nucleic acid serves as the genetic material in the nucleus?
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
DNA contains the instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms.
What influences traits such as hair color and blood groups?
Genes
Genetic inheritance directly affects physical characteristics and blood types.
Fill in the blank: The number of chromosomes in a mouse cell is _______.
24 chromosomes
This demonstrates the variation in chromosome numbers among different species.
What is the study of the structures within the body that can be seen with the naked eye called?
Macro Anatomy
Macro anatomy focuses on the larger structural features of the body.
What does Micro Anatomy study?
Tissues and cells
Micro anatomy requires a microscope to observe cellular structures.
What system is responsible for coordinating movement of the skeleton?
Muscular System
The muscular system works with the skeletal system to facilitate movement.
Fill in the blank: The _______ system helps rid the body of carbon dioxide.
Respiratory
The respiratory system is essential for gas exchange in the body.
What is the main function of the Digestive System?
To digest food and absorb nutrients
The digestive system processes food for energy and nutrients.
What does the Urinary System maintain in the body?
The blood’s balance and waste removal
The urinary system filters blood to remove waste products.
What system is involved in the reproduction of species?
Reproductive System
The reproductive system is specialized for producing offspring.
True or False: The Cardiovascular System consists of the heart and blood vessels.
True
The cardiovascular system is crucial for transporting blood and nutrients throughout the body.
What is the function of the Skeletal System?
To protect organs and provide structure
The skeletal system supports the body and protects vital organs.
What is the primary role of the Lymphatic System?
To maintain fluid balance and support the immune system
The lymphatic system helps protect the body from infections.
