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biology unit 1 > tissues > Flashcards

tissues Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is a tissue?

A

a tissue is a group of cells with a similar structure, organised to carry out specific functions

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2
Q

what is epithelial tissue?

A
  • thin tissue that covers exposed surfaces of the body
  • cells densely packed and are firmly attached to each other
  • barrier between organisms and the environment
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3
Q

what is the structure of squamous epithelial tissue?

A

are tissues formed from one layer of squamous cells. the cells are large, thin, and flat for rapid diffusion across the surface and contain a rounded nucleus

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4
Q

what is the function of squamous epithelial tissue?

A

is to facilitate diffusion of gases and small molecules across the surface

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5
Q

what is the structure and function of ciliated epithelial tissue?

A
  • thin tissue, hair-like structures called cilia. cilia move back and forth in a rhythmic manner to help move particles out of the body
  • found in the respiratory tract
  • contain goblet cells that secret mucous: help move harmful particles out of the body
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6
Q

what is striated epithelial tissue?

A

highly folded layers of cells and they are the protective linings of intestines

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7
Q

what is the structure of the connective tissue?

A

contain cells that are fibrocytes, has strong collagen fibres as well as elastin fibres in the gelatinous matrix.
- is found between other tissues everywhere in the body

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8
Q

what is the function of the connective tissue?

A

supports or binds other tissues together

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9
Q

what is the structure of the muscle tissue?

A

contains cells and fibres which are striated and unstriated

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10
Q

what is the structure of the muscle tissue?

A
  1. the sarcoplasmic reticulum releases calcium ions during muscle contraction and absorbs them during relaxation. depolarisation occurs
  2. actin and myosin create cross-bridge formation. have a sliding mechanism of the actin and myosin filaments
  3. myofibril is to perform muscle contraction via the sliding filament model. their specific function is to shorten the muscle contraction
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11
Q

what is the function of the muscle tissue?

A

have the ability to shorten or contract to produce the movement of the body. helps the movement of the skeleton, blood vessels, heart. found in the arteries and guts

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12
Q

what is the structure of the bone tissue?

A
  • a form of connective tissue
  • the osteocyte is a cell that is capable of bone deposition and reabsorption
  • involved in bone remodelling by transmitting signals to other osteocytes, responding to deformations of bone caused by muscular activity.
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13
Q

what is the function of the bone tissue?

A

support and protect the body. protect the production of blood cells and storage of minerals. found throughout the body

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14
Q

summary of nerve tissue?

A

nervous tissue consists of specialised cells called neurons held in bundles, that carry nerve signals

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15
Q

what is the structure of a neuron?

A
  • the some is the cell body and where nucleus is located
  • has an axon that is long, slender that conducts electrical impulses
  • myelin is an insulating layer of the axon
  • myelin allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly and efficiently along the nerve cells
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16
Q

what is the function of the sensory neuron?

A

deliver electrical impulses from the outer part of the body to the relay neuron

17
Q

what is the function of the relay neuron?

A

is located in the spinal cord of the central nervous system. they connect sensory neuron to motor neurons

18
Q

what is the function of the motor neuron?

A

they connect to muscles, glands, and organs throughout the body. they transmit impulses, carry a signal to an effector cell

19
Q

what is the function of the nerve tissue?

A

is to transmit impulses around the body. found in the brain, spinal cord, and nerves

20
Q

what is the function of the ovary?

A

produce gametes which are egg cells and oocytes. release the sex hormones progesterone and oestrogen. help with the healthy development of female sex characteristics during puberty and ensure fertility

21
Q

what is the function of the testes?

A

produce gametes which the sperm and release testosterone

biology unit 1 (9 decks)

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