Tissues Flashcards
What functions do epithelial tissues perform?
Covers surfaces
Cells connected
Separates compartments
Forms glands
What functions do connective tissue perform?
Helps hold our body together
Supports other tissues
can also:
Transports substances
Give three examples of connective tissue
Blood, Bone and Adipose
Describe muscle tissue
Contractile (shortens length and closes down spaces)
Long thin cells
Cytoplasm of cells packed with contractile apparatus
Name three types of muscle tissue
Skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle
Describe skeletal and cardiac muscle. (Hint: two different muscle same histology)
- Striated
- Highly ordered arrangement of contractile proteins
Describe smooth muscle
- Non-Striated (smooth)
- Less ordered arrangement of contractile proteins
Generally speaking what purpose does nervous tissue serve?
Communication throughout the body
Neurons:
Receive, generate and
transmit electric signals
What regions make up a single neuron?
- Cell body (soma)
- Dendrites
- Axon
- Terminals
How does epithelial tissues maintain coverage of surfaces?
Via Cell/Extracellular matrix junctions
Give three types of cell junction
- Desmosomes
- Tight junctions
- Gap junctions
Desmosomes, describe function
Form links between cells, and provide a connection between filaments
Tight junctions, describe function
- Form a water tight seal in intracellular spaces and prevent material from passing between cells
Gap junctions, describe function
- Allow communication between two cells.
- Connects cytoplasm of two cells
What are the secondary roles of epithelium?
Thick epithelial tissue: Wear and tear
Thin: Diffusion
Cilia - allow movement
Microvilli - Absorption
What beneficial properties do epithelial tissues exhibit?
- Good adaptive powers
- Good regenerative powers (eg after skin cut)
What is a gland ?
Collections of secretory epithelial cells (mostly)
What types of glands are there ?
Exocrine (secrete into tubes), and
Endocrine (secrete into blood).
Structurally how may exocrine glands be described?
Simple: Tubular or Acinar
Compound: Tubuloacinar
What two types of exocrine glands is there?
Mucous: Secretes high conc. of proteogylcans
Serous: Secretes high conc. of proteins
Name a type of Endocrine gland
The Adrenal Cortex (steroid gland)
Name the main epithelial component of the liver and the cells it produces
Parenchyma: Produces hepatocytes.
What function does hepatocytes perform and how are they arranged
multiple functions mainly secretion and arranged in rows between blood vessels.
What other roles to Parenchyma (Epithelial cells) perform?
- Filtration of blood
- Partial absorption of filtrate
- Overall to release urine from kidney
