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Animal Physiology > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

4 basic tissue types

A

Epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous

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2
Q

What is epithelial tissue?

A

Group of tissues designed to cover the external surfaces and line the internal surfaces of an animals body

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3
Q

What is the basement membrane?

A

Fibers that cement epithelial tissue to CT. Supplies O2 and nutrition and carries away waste.

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4
Q

Epithelial tissue smooth in blood vessels to

A

Allow easy passage of blood components. No stimulus for clot formation.

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5
Q

Brush border (micro villi) are found in…

A

The intestine. Greatly increases surface area for absorption

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6
Q

Cilia are found where?

A

In the respiratory tract. Coordinates movement of substances.

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7
Q

Where is keratin found?

A

The skin.

It’s waterproof protection.

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8
Q

Simple squamous

A

Very thin and delicate.

Easily allows passage. Can only be in well protected areas.

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9
Q

What does simple squamous tissue do?

A 
Reduces friction (flat and smooth)
Lines vessels and body cavaties.
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10
Q

Where is simple cuboidal found?

A 
Areas of secretion and absorption. 
Liver
Thyroid
Salivary glands
Pancreas
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11
Q

Where is simple columnar found?

A

Line the GI tract

Contain goblet cells

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12
Q

Stratified squamous

A

Areas of mechanical an chemical stress
Mouth, esophagus, vagina, rectum
Start cuboidal then flatten off.

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13
Q

What are the functions of the epithelial tissue?

A

Protect, absorbs, filters, sensory, secretes and excretes.

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14
Q

Where are glands located?

A

Only in epithelial tissue.

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15
Q

What are the two types of glands?

A

Exocrine and endocrine.

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16
Q

What is the purpose of exocrine glands?

A

Secrete product to immediate area ducts.

Secrete mucin and possess ducts except goblet cells.

17
Q

What is the purpose of endocrine glands?

A

Produce and secrete hormones and distribute to many parts of the body. No ducts or tubules.

18
Q

What are the four types of membranes?

A

Mucous, serous, cutaneous, and synovial.

19
Q

What are some examples of CT?

A

Blood, cartilage, tendons and bone

20
Q

What do mucous membranes do?

A

Line and protect the organs that have connection with outside environment. Produce mucus that protects and lubricates.

21
Q

Serous membranes

A

Line closed body cavities and the organs within. Produce transistor which moistens surfaces.

22
Q

Cutaneous membranes

A

Produce keratin that makes skin waterproof and prevents drying.

23
Q

Synovial membrane

A

Produce synovial fluid with reduces friction and abrasion at the ends of the bones.

24
Q

Muscles

A

Skeletal muscle: large cells, therefore multinucleated. Skeletal muscle is voluntary. Smooth muscle: single uncleared involuntary . Cardiac: single nucleated, involuntary.

25
Q

Nervous Tissue

A

Carries info through the body.

Sensory function such as touch, heat and pressure.

26
Q

Somatic nervous system.

A

Voluntary. Under conscious control.

27
Q

Autonomic nervous system.

A

Involuntary. Unconscious control.

28
Q

What is the body’s initial response to injury?

A

Inflammation

29
Q

What are the 4 signs of inflammation?

A

Red, hot, swollen, and tender.

30
Q

What is the first step of inflammation?

A

5-10 minute period of vasoconstriction followed by a sustained period vasodilation.

31
Q

What is step two of inflammation?

A

Fluid from plasma flow into the injured area and cause swelling.

32
Q

What is step three of inflammation?

A

Clot formation takes place to slow bleeding. Helps to prevent pathogens from getting in.

33
Q

What is step four to inflammation?

A

Large macrophages and neutrophils move through blood vessels to remove debris and invaders.

34
Q

How things heal

A

Granulation tissue forms beneath the blood clot. Epithelial tissue forms over the granulation tissue and below the clot/scab and the connection is weakened and the scab falls off.

35
Q

What is first intention healing?

A

Skin forms a union without any granulation tissue. (Surgery)

36
Q

What is second intention healing?

A

Edges are separated from one another and granulation tissue forms to close the gap.

37
Q

What is third intention healing?

A

Same as second intention healing just involves more extensive wounds

Animal Physiology (4 decks)

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