Tissues Flashcards
1
Q
what are tissues
A
specialised cells that interact with and arrange with other cells to organise themselves into tissue structures that perform specialist functions
2
Q
what are the 4 main types of tissue
A
- epithelial (covering/lining/secreting)
- connective (protects/supports)
- muscle (movement)
- nervous (control)
3
Q
what do epithelial tissues do
A
- cover + line body
- protects underlying structures from dehydration, chemical, and mechanical damage
- secrete and absorb substances
4
Q
formation of cells in epithelial tissues
A
- cells very tightly packed with minimal space between
- cells usually lie on inert basement membrane
- can be in single layers (simple) or several layers (stratified)
5
Q
what do connective tissues do
A
- binding + structural support
- protection
- transport
- insulation
6
Q
formation of cells in connective tissues
A
- cells are separated from one another
- large amount of fluid presents between matrix
- protein fibres in matrix which can be semi-solid, dense or rigid
7
Q
cells found in connective tissues
A
- fibroblasts
- fat cells
- macrophages
- leukocytes
- mast cells
8
Q
fibroblasts
A
- most common connective tissue cell
- large
- manufacture collagen and elastic fibres which provide structural support throughout the body.
9
Q
fat cells
A
adipocytes – adipose tissue
10
Q
macrophages
A
- part of the immune system
- phagocytotic
11
Q
leukocytes
A
- white blood cells to defend against infection
12
Q
mast cells
A
major role in release of histamine in response to external invaders
13
Q
types of connective tissue
A
- loose connective tissue
- dense fibrous connective tissue
- cartilage
14
Q
loose connective tissue
A
- Randomly arranged protein fibres
- Different types of cells
- In and around most body structures
- Strength, elasticity, support
15
Q
Dense fibrous connective tissue
A
- Regularly arranged protein fibres
- Forms tendons +ligaments
- Strong, withstand pulling
16
Q
Cartilage
A
- Protein fibres, gel like ground substance, chondrocyte cells
- Ends of long bones, nose, larynx, trachea, bronchi
- Allows movement
17
Q
types of muscle tissues
A
- skeletal muscle
- smooth muscle
- cardiac muscle
18
Q
main features of skeletal muscles
A
- fibres - strained, tubular, multi nucleated
- voluntary
- usually attatched to skeleton
19
Q
main features of smooth muscle
A
- fibres - non strained, spindle shaped, uninucleated
- involuntary
- usually covering wall of internal organs
20
Q
main features of cardiac muscle
A
- fibres - strained, branched, and uninucleated
- involuntary
- only covering walls of the heart
21
Q
2 types of nervous tissues
A
- excitable cells - neurons
- non-excitable - glial cells
