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Chapter 4 | Tissues > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

It is the microscopic study of tissue structure

A

Histology

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2
Q

A group of cells with similar structure and function

A

Tissues

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3
Q

It is the cover or lining tissue

A

Epithelial Tissue

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4
Q

It is the diverse primary tissue; makes up the part of every organ in the body

A

Connective Tissue

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5
Q

Tissue that contracts or shortens

A

Muscle Tissue

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6
Q

They are responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities

A

Nervous Tissue

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7
Q

It covers and protects both outsides and insides of the body

A

Epithelial Tissue

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8
Q

Epithelial Tissue is also known as

A

Epithelium or Epithelial

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9
Q

These are the cells exposed and not attached to other cells

A

Free (Apical) surfaces

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10
Q

Cells are attached to other epithelial cells

A

Lateral Surface

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11
Q

It is the base of the cell; attached to the basement membrane

A

Basal Surface

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12
Q

Attaches to the epithelial cells of the underlying tissue which supports and guides the cell migration during tissue repair

A

Basal Membrane

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13
Q

It consists of a single layer of cells, with each cell extending from the basement membrane to the free surface

A

Simple Layer

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14
Q

More than one layer of cells, but only the basal layer attached the deepest later to the basement membrane

A

Stratified Layer

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15
Q

A special type of simple epithelium, that appears to be falsely stratified
Has one layer of cells, with all cells attached to the basement membrane

A

Pseudostratified Layer

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16
Q

Flat or scalelike shape

A

Squamous

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17
Q

Taller than wide in appearance

A

Columnar

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18
Q

Cube-shaped, wide rather than tall

A

Cuboidal

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19
Q

Cube-shaped, wide rather than tall

A

Cuboidal

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20
Q

Simple Squamous Epithelium definition

A

A single layer of thin and flat cell
Some substances easily pass through this thin layer of cells, but other substances do not

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21
Q

Simple Columnar Epithelium definition

A

The large size of these cells enables them to perform complex functions, such as secretion

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22
Q

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium definition

A

A single layer of cube-like cells that carry out active transport, facilitated diffusion, or secretion

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23
Q

Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium definition

A

Secretes mucus which covers its free surface

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24
Q

Stratified Squamous Epithelium definition

A

Forms a thick epithelium because it consists of several layers of cells

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25
Q

Compromised of the keratinized squamous epithelium; Reduces loss of water from the body

A

Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium

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26
Q

Moist keratinized stratified squamous epithelium; provides protection against abrasion and acts as a mechanical barrier

A

Non-Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium

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27
Q

Consist of more than one layer of cuboidal epithelial cells; Relatively rare and is found in sweat gland ducts, ovarian follicular cells, and the salivary glands [absorption, secretion, protection]

A

Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

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28
Q

Consist of more than one layer of epithelial cells; the surface cells are columnar but deeper cells are irregular or cuboidal shape

A

Stratified Columnar Epithelium

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29
Q

Special Type of stratified epithelium that can be greatly stretched

A

Transitional epithelium

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30
Q

Have several structures that hold one cell to one another or to the basement membrane

A

Cell Connections

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31
Q

These are mechanical links that bind cells together

A

Desmosomes

32
Q

These are half desmosomes that anchor cells to the basement membrane.

A

Hemidesmosomes

33
Q

They prevent the passage of materials between epithelial cells because they completely surround each cell.

A

Tight Junctions

34
Q

They are small channels that allow small molecules and ions to pass from one epithelial cell to an adjacent one

A

Gap Junctions

35
Q

Are secretory organs that secrete substances onto a surface, into a cavity, or into the bloodstream

A

Glands

36
Q

Ductless glands; secrete their product ( which are called hormones) into to the bloodstream

A

Endocrine

37
Q

Gland that has ducts and Composed of goblet cells, that secrete mucus

A

Exocrine

38
Q

Secretion release involves the release of secretory products by exocytosis

A

Merocrine

39
Q

Secretion involves the release of secretory products as pinched-off fragments of the gland cells

A

Apocrine

40
Q

Secretion involves the shedding of the entire cells

A

Holocrine

41
Q

A diverse primary tissue type that makes up every organ in the body

A

Connective Tissue

42
Q

Large cells that are capable of moving about and ingesting foreign substances, including microorganisms in the connective tissue

A

Macrophages

43
Q

Nonmotile cells that release chemicals such as histamine, that promote inflammation

A

Mast Cells

44
Q

Fiber that is very flexible but resists stretching

A

Collagen Fiber

45
Q

Fibers that are very fine, short collagen fibers that branch to form a supporting networks

A

Reticular Fibers

46
Q

Fiber that have the ability to return their original shape after being stretched or compressed, giving tissue an elastic quality

A

Elastic Fibers

47
Q

It trap large quantities of water between the polysaccharides, which allows them to return to their original shape when compressed or deformed

A

Proteoglycans

48
Q

Consists of relatively few protein fibers that form a lacy network, with numerous spaces filled with ground substance and fluid

A

Loose Connective Tissue

49
Q

Primarily consists of collagen fibers and a few elastic fibers

A

Areolar

50
Q

Contain large amounts of lipids for energy storage; Protect parts of the body and acts as a thermal insulator

A

Adipose

51
Q

It forms the framework of lymphatic tissue

A

Reticular

52
Q

Has an extracellular matrix consisting mostly of collagen fibers

A

Dense Collagenous Tissue

53
Q

Collagen fibers oriented in the same direction

A

Dense Regular

54
Q

Collagen fibers that are oriented in multiple directions

A

Dense Irregular

55
Q

Has abundant elastic fibers among its collagen fibers that allow the tissue to stretch and recoil

A

Dense Elastic

56
Q

Marfan Syndrome

A

Inability to properly maintain and form elastic fibers

57
Q

Is composed of chondrocytes, located in spaces called lacunae within an extensive matrix

A

Cartilage

58
Q

The most abundant type of cartilage, and has many functions

A

Hyaline

59
Q

Able to withstand compression and resist tearing or pulling

A

Fibrocartilage

60
Q

Able to recoil to its original shape when bent

A

Elastic

61
Q

A hard connective tissue that consists of living cells and a mineralized matrix

A

Bone

62
Q

A liquid connective tissue that contains a liquid matrix, termed plasma.
Functions in the transport of food, oxygen, waste, hormones, and other substances

A

Blood

63
Q

Contract or shorten, making movement possible

A

Muscles

64
Q

Attaches to a skeleton and enables the body to move

A

Skeletal

65
Q

Muscle of the heart; responsible for pumping blood

A

Cardiac

66
Q

Forms the walls of hollow organs; found in the skin and eyes. Responsible for a number of functions, such as moving food through the digestive tract

A

Smooth

67
Q

Responsible for coordinating and controlling many body activities

A

Nervous Tissue

68
Q

Is a thin sheet or latter of tissue that covers a structure or lines a cavity

A

Tissue Membrane

69
Q

4 Tissue Membrane

A

Cutaneous
Mucus
Serous
Synovial

70
Q

Known as Skin, is an external body surface membrane

A

Cutaneous

71
Q

It lines the cavities that open to the outside of the body, such as the digestive, respiratory, and reproductive tracts

A

Mucus

72
Q

Line cavities that do not open to the exterior of the body, such as pericardial, pleural, and peritoneal cavities

A

Serous

73
Q

Line the cavities of freely movable joints

A

Synovial

74
Q

Mobilizes the body’s defenses and isolates and destroys microorganism, foreign material, and damaged cells so that tissues repair can proceed

A

Tissue Inflammation

75
Q

Involves substitution of dead cells for viable cells and Occurs by regeneration or by fibrosis

A

Tissue Repair

76
Q

New cells are the same type as those were destroyed

A

Regeneration

77
Q

New type of tissue develops that causes scar production and loss of some tissue function

A

Fibrosis

Chapter 4 | Tissues (1 decks)

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