Tissues Flashcards
Histology
Study of tissues
What are tissues
Groups of cells that are similar and perform common functions
Epithelial tissue
Tissues that cover and create boundaries to protect the body, e.g., epidermis
All epithelial cells are close to…
Loose proper connective tissue
Simple layer
One layer
Stratified layer
Multi layer, two or more
The shapes of tissues
Squamous, cuboidal, columnar
What is connective tissue?
Support tissues that protect and bind other tissues, e.g., cartilage, blood, bone, connective tissue proper
Types of proper connective tissue
Loose matrix and dense matrix
What is areolar?
Loose connective tissue that connects muscle to skin, surrounds blood vessels, muscles and organs
What is Adipose?
Body fat under the skin and between muscles
What does reticular connective tissue do?
It provides structural support found in the kidney, spleen, lymph node, and bone marrow.
Dense Regular
Made of collagen fibers, found in ligaments and tendons
Dense Irregular
Collagen fibers and fibroblasts that provide strength to the skin to make it resistant to tearing from stretching
What are muscle tissues?
Create movements through contractions, e.g., skeletal muscles, cardiac muscles, smooth muscles of digestive tract
What are nervous tissues?
Brain, spinal cord, neurons, nerves, nerve fibers, all controlling the body through internal communication
Totipotent
Embryonic cells that can differentiate to any type of cell
Ectoderm
Outer embryonic layer which the epidermis and nervous tissues derive from
Mesoderm
Middle embryonic layer where connective and muscle tissues derive from
Endoderm
Inner embryonic layer where most digestive and respiratory tracts derive from
Synovial Membrane
Connective tissue that lines joints and tendons
Epithelial Membrane
Epithelial and connective tissues attached
Cutaneous Membrane
Term for skin
What is the basement membrane?
Formed by basal and reticular lamina they protect tissues from mechanical stress
Simple Squamous Epithelium
Thin layer that allows substances to pass through diffusion and filtration, air sacs of lungs, lining of the heart, blood vessels are examples
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
Type of epithelial cell that creates ducts and glands, secreting and absorbing
Simple Columnar Epithelium
Epithelial cells that make tissues in the bronchi, uterus, and digestive tract. They absorb and secrete mucous and enzymes
Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium
Tissues that line the trachea and respiratory tract, secrete
Stratified Squamous Epithleium
Lines esophagus, mouth and vagina and protects against abrasion
Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium
Protective tissues that make sweat glands, salivary glands, and mammary glands
Stratified Columnar Epithelium
They secrete and protect, making the male urethra and ducts of glands
Transitional Epithelium
Allow for expansion of urinary organs, lines bladder and urethra
Endothelium
Thin membrane that lines the inner walls of the heart and blood vessels
Membranes that cover and protect internal organs:
Mesothelium
Goblet Cell
Secrete mucin and create protective layers of mucus
Endocrine Glands
They are ductless and secrete hormones that travel through blood
Exocrine Glands
Ducts that have secretions released to the body surface, mucous, sweat, oil
Multicellular Glands
Composed of a duct and secretory unit, they are supported by connective tissues and supply blood and nerve fibers
Unicellular Glands
Consist of mucous and goblet cells, they are in epithelial linings of intestines and respiratory tract to lubricate with mucin
Atrophy
Wasting away of a body tissue
