Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 4 types of tissue

A

epithelial, muscle, nervous and connective

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2
Q

how many layers of cells in SIMPLE cells

A

one singular

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3
Q

how many cells in stratified cells

A

two or more layers

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4
Q

pseudostratified

A

one layer but looks like more

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5
Q

squamous epithelium

A

flattened cells

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6
Q

cuboidal epithelium

A

has cube shaped cells

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7
Q

columnar epithelium

A

has tall column shaped cells

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8
Q

exocrine glands

A

secrete into ducts leading to body surfaces

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9
Q

endocrine glands

A

lack ducts secrete products into spaces inside the body

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10
Q

skeletal muscle

A

Long and cylindrical cells (fibers) – Sartorius muscle longest in the body (60cm)
Multinucleated
Striated – arrangement of contractile proteins actin and myosin
Under voluntary control
Attached to bones via tendons – movement
Allow flow of material – swallowing, urination and defecation

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11
Q

smooth muscles

A

cylindrical but tapered at each end

single nucleus

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12
Q

cardiac muscles

A

branched and striated
single nucleus
autorhythmic

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13
Q

central nervous system (4) types

A

ependymal cells (produces CSF)
oligodendrocytes (produce myelin sheath CNS)
astrocytes(provide glucose to neurons)
microglia

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14
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

satelitte cells

Schwann cells myelin sheath to pns

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15
Q

Connective tissue characteristics

A

most abundant

binds supports protects insulates transports

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16
Q

Hyaline cartilage characteristics

A
tough but flexible
avascular
3 types
hyaline
elastic
fibrocartilage
17
Q

compact bone characteristics

A

Remodels in response to stress
Structural unit called an osteon – central canal
Osteocytes also trapped in lacunae
Communicate through tiny canals - Canaliculi
produces RBC

18
Q

Red Blood characteristics

A

Red blood cells (RBC) or Erythrocytes suspended in liquid matrix (plasma), transport oxygen (hemoglobin) and CO2

RBC are biconcave (increased surface area for binding of oxygen) and lack nuclei

19
Q

White Blood characteristics

A

White blood cells (leucocytes) involved in immune response Phagocytosis

20
Q

platelets (thrombocyts) function

A

involved in clotting process

21
Q

Areolar Connective tissue

A
between muscles
anchors skin to underlying tissue
embedded with all three type of fibers
elastic
fibroblast
collagen
22
Q

Dense connective tissue

A

regular fibers all travel in same direction (tendons and ligaments)

Irregular - fibers travel in different directions (dermis of the integument)

23
Q

adipose tissue

A

functions as a fuel reserve

adipocytes store triglycerides

24
Q

what are the three types of attachments between cells

A

tight junctions - form a leak proof seal

adhesion junctions (desmosomes) found between cardiac muscle cells

gap junctions
have small holes connecting the cytoplasm of adjacent cells

25
in regards to homeostasis what are some values of negative feedback mechanisms
regulating body temperature | once the normal value is reached corrective measures cease
26
in regards to homeostasis what are some values of positive feedback mechanisms
cause change that promotes continued change in the same direction gains momentum CHILD BIRTH
27
three components of homeostasis
Receptor - detects change in the interal or external environment Control center - integrates the information coming from all receptors and selects an appropriate response Effector muscle or gland that carries out the response
28
Organ definiton
Composed of two or more different tissues that work together to perform a specific function
29
Organ system
Composed of organs with a common function
30
there are ___ major organ systems in the human body
11