Tissue Types + Integumentary system

Question 1

What are the four main types of Tissues? List their main function as well.

Answer 1

Nervous- Control and communication
Muscle - movement
Connective - to connect
Epithelial - to protect

Question 2

What are the two main types of cells within Nervous tissue? What do they do?

Answer 2

Neurons - act as the body’s communication pathway, sending and receiving signals
Glial cells- nourish and maintain neurons

Question 3

Name the three types of Muscle tissues…Would you be able to describe on a scope?

Answer 3

Skeletal muscle - striated and organized allowing for voluntary movement
Cardiac - Uni nucleus with mismatching striations for involuntary movement
Smooth- tapered cells close together for involuntary movement

Question 4

List the two types of Epithelial tissue…Vascular or Avascular? Polar or non Polar?

Answer 4

Proper and glandular - all epithelium is AVASCULAR and POLAR meaning they have an apical and basilar side

Question 5

How do we name epithelial tissue? Give one example

Answer 5

1st you list the layering - either simple, stratified, or pseudostratified
2nd you list the cell type - squamous, cuboidal or columnar
ie. our skin is simple squamous epithelium

Question 6

Four types of connective tissue?

Answer 6

Proper, cartilage, blood, bones

Question 7

What 3 things are unique to all connective tissue

Answer 7

They arise from mesenchyme, have an extracellular matrix, and have varying degree of vascularity. The ECM is made up of ground substance (proteoglycans) and fibres.

Question 8

Name the three types of fibres found within the ECM of Connective tissue

Answer 8

Collagen, elastic, reticular

Question 9

Difference between osteoclasts vs osteoblasts vs osteocytes??

Answer 9

Osteoblast= immature cell that forms new material
Osteoclast= Mature cell that maintains + supports
Osteocyte= Cell responsible for reabsorbing
(THINK: Blast becomes clast, cyte is construction cyte)

Question 10

Connective tissue proper can be further divided…Go for it !

Answer 10

Loose *fewer fibres more cells and ECM: areolar, reticular, adipose
Dense *lots of fibres: Regular (LIGAMENTS & TENDONS), irregular, elastic

Question 11

Name the three types of cartilage and where you would find them!

Answer 11

Hyaline: Connecting ribs to sternum
Elastic: Pinna of the ear
Fibro: Discs in-between your vertebrae

Question 12

What are erythrocytes? Leukocytes? Platelets?

Answer 12

Red blood cells, infection fighting white blood cells, and blood clotting cells.

Question 13

Name three functions of your skin (or as many as you can)!

Answer 13

Protective barrier, regulates body temperature, sensation, excretion, blood storage, balances fluids, synthesizes vitamin D

Question 14

Name the 5 tissues of the integumentary system

Answer 14

Skin, hair, nails, oil glands, sweat glands

Question 15

What four cells would you find in the epidermis?

Answer 15

Keratinocytes, melanocytes, Langerhan cells, Merkel cells

Question 16

From superficial to deep, list the layers of the epidermis. Which is missing in thin skin?

Answer 16

Stratum corneum, lucidum*, granulosum, spinosum, basale

Question 17

Two layers of the dermis? Characteristics of both?

Answer 17

Paillary layer = areolar connective tissue, dermal papillae (fingerprints)
Reticular layer= makes up 80%, dense irregular connective tissue

Question 18

Three types of corpuscles / cutaneous sensory receptors?

Answer 18

Tactile (sensation), lamellar (pressure), hair follicles

Question 19

How does exercise affect our dermis?

Answer 19

Dermal blood vessels constrict to allow more blood to go towards working muscles and organs

Question 20

Two types of sweat glands?

Answer 20

Eccrine sweat glands found in palms, feet, forehead

Apocrine sweat glands found in arm pits and groin area