tissue structure Flashcards
(22 cards)
types of nervous tissue
- brain
- spinal cord
- nerves
types of muscle tissue
- cardiac
- smooth
-skeletal
types of connective tissue
- fat / other soft padding tissue
- bone
- tendon
types of epithelial tissue
- lining of GI tract organs / other hollow organs
- skin surface (epidermis)
basic structure and function of epithelial tissue
- lines body surfaces, inside of hollow organs, forms glands
- cells have distinct basal and apical surfaces (directionality)
- tissue mostly avascular
- most epithelial tissues have ability to rapidly replace damaged tissue
how is the structure of epithelial cells related to its function
- more layers = protection
- fewer layers = easier diffusion/secretion/absorption
- thin cells = easy diffusion
- thick cells = volume for synthesis of secretions or absorption of nutrients
- cilia = movement of substances along surface, greater surface area
types of epithelial tissue vary based on: (2)
1) cell shape
2) number of layers
basic structure and function of connective tissue
- forms the framework of organs
- connects organs to each other
- composed of a small number of cells and a large amount of extracellular material called the matrix
- the matrix of each specific type of connective tissue will vary
common components of the matrix
- fibres (reticular, elastic, collagen)
- cells (adipocytes, mesenchymal, fibroblast, macrophage)
- ground substance (can be liquid, gel-like, and calcified)
what is the function of fibres
to increase strength and elasticity
function of fibroblast cells
secrete fibres
function of mesenchymal cells
connective tissue stem cells, found in loose connective tissue in adults
function of neutrophil, lymphocytes, mast cells
to prevent infection
function of macrophages
to remove pathogens
function of adipocytes
store fat
classification of connective tissue
1) embryonic connective tissue
2) mature connective tissue
a) mature connective tissue proper
- loose
- dense
b) supportive connective tissue
- bone
- cartilage
c) fluid
*based on ground substance and dominant cell type
embryonic connective tissue
- present in the embryo and fetus
- usually contains soft and delicate fibres
- gives rise to all other types of connective tissue
mature connective tissue proper - loose
- types: areolar, adipose, reticular (not covered in this course)
- loosely intertwined fibres throughout tissues
- many cells present including some mesenchymal cells
areolar tissue
adipose tissue
mature connective tissue proper - dense
- types: dense regular connective tissue, dense irregular connective tissue, elastic connective tissue
- contains thicker and more dense fibres than loose connective tissue
- fewer cells than loose connective tissue
- example: tendons, ligaments
mature connec