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Tissue States Flashcards

1
Q

Nutritive (Blood) and Moisture (Yin) patterns are associated with ____.

A

lymph, blood, tissue glycosaminoglycans (GAGs, which absorb water and form colloids)

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2
Q

Blood deficiency - tissue state

A

Dryness

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3
Q

Blood deficiency - general sxs

A

fatigue, pale/lusterless complexion, pallor, dizziness, insomnia, poor memory, diminished menstrual flow, irregular/erratic menses, amenorrhea

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4
Q

Blood deficiency - biomedical sxs

A

“anemia-like” states or frank anemia, malabsorption of nutrients

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5
Q

Blood deficiency - heart sxs

A

palpitations, insomnia, poor memory, dizziness, anxious, easily startled, timid, shy

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6
Q

Blood deficiency - liver sxs

A

blurry vision (floaters), fainting spells (related to hypovolemia), vertex HA, oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea, decreased menstrual flow, light-colored blood, weak tendons, stiffness, muscle weakness, limbs fall asleep easily, cramps, spasms, dry skin, brittle nails (ridged, cracked)

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7
Q

Yin deficiency - tissue state

A

severe dryness + heat deficiency

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8
Q

Dry tissue state is characterized by ____.

A

dry ECM, mineralization, fibrosis

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9
Q

Yin deficiency - general sxs

A

insomnia, palpitations, restlessness, poor memory, low-grade fever, heat sensations (hot flushes), night sweats, dry mouth/throat and lips, red cheeks, malar flush, dry/cracked lips, dry eyes, decreased sperm production, anovulation, infertility, muscle/bone weakness

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10
Q

Yin deficiency - biomedical sxs

A

estrogen deficiency, insulin deficiency (DM), GH/IFG-1 deficiency (?)

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11
Q

Yin deficiency - heart sxs

A

palpitations, insomnia, restlessness

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12
Q

Yin deficiency - lung sxs

A

dry unproductive cough, thin/dry sputum, dry/hoarse voice, chest pains, chronic bronchitis, TB

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13
Q

Yin deficiency - liver sxs

A

severe blood deficiency, pallor, dizziness, blurry vision (floaters), insomnia, chronic hepatitis

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14
Q

Yin deficiency - digestive (“spleen”) sxs

A

stomach Yin deficiency, hunger, thirst, constipation, dry stools, scanty urination, atrophic gastritis

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15
Q

Yin deficiency - kidney sxs

A

severe blood deficiency, more severe heat, heat in chest/palms/soles, menopausal symptoms

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16
Q

Blood excess (stasis) - tissue state

A

often a “mixed” pattern of excess and deficiency

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17
Q

Blood excess (stasis) - general sxs

A

sharp/fixed pain, discoloration, darkening, purple lips, superficial blood vessels, dysmenorrhea, dark menstrual blood w/ clots, hard/immobile masses (often abd or pelvic)

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18
Q

Blood excess (stasis) - biomedical sxs

A

thrombosis (?), microcirculatory deficiency, venous stasis

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19
Q

Blood excess (stasis) - heart sxs

A

palpitations, chest pain, chest constriction, cold hands, CAD, atherosclerosis

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20
Q

Blood excess (stasis) - liver sxs

A

liver qi stagnation + stasis, dysmenorrhea, dark/purple menses, clots, abd masses

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21
Q

Yin excess (phlegm) - tissue state

A

dampness (+ cold: usu accompanied by qi or yang deficiency)

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22
Q

Yin excess (phlegm) - general sxs

A

chronic productive cough w/ copious sputum, chest congestion, dyspnea, tissue edema, bloating, intestinal gas, heaviness in abd/limbs, nausea, edema, excess weight, white/pasty complexion

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23
Q

Yin excess (phlegm) - biomedical sxs

A

estrogen excess (absolute or relative), insulin excess/insensitivity (DM2), GH/IGF-1 excess (?)

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24
Q

Yin excess (phlegm) - heart sxs

A

phlegm confuses the heart portals, muddled thinking, stupor, unconsciousness, garbled speech, gurgling sounds, mental confusion, drooling, stroke

25
Yin excess (phlegm) - lung sxs
chronic productive cough w/ copious sputum, chest congestion, dyspnea, orthopnea
26
Yin excess (phlegm) - liver sxs
fatty liver (?), NAFLD, NASH, cholestasis
27
Yin excess (phlegm) - digestion ("spleen") sxs
qi deficiency + damp, feelings of heaviness, sluggish movements, edema, extra weight, mental sluggishness
28
Vital Energy (Qi) and Heat (Yang) patterns are associated with _____
tissue oxygen utilization, mitochondrial function, energy production via oxidative phosphorylation
29
Qi deficiency - tissue state
cold
30
Damp tissue state is characterized by ___
edema, increased GAGs
31
Cold tissue state is characterized by ___
decreased metabolism
32
Hot tissue state is characterized by ___
increased metabolism, inflammation
33
Qi can be thought of as ___
vital energy, ATP production, tissue metabolism
34
Yang can be though of as ___
tissue metabolism, esp. thermogenesis
35
Qi deficiency - general sxs
lethargy, fatigue, spontaneous perspiration, pale complexion, weak muscles, poor "will" activities, shallow breathing, dyspnea, weak voice, lowered immunity (freq. colds), weak constitution
36
Qi deficiency - biomedical sxs
thyroid insufficiency, lack of organ innervation (esp. autonomics)
37
Qi deficiency - heart sxs
palpitations, PVCs/PACs, listless, periodic panic attacks
38
Qi deficiency - lung sxs
shallow respiration, freq. URIs, cold skin, cold intolerance
39
Qi deficiency - digestion ("spleen") sxs
low appetite, bloating, abd distention, intestinal gas, craving for sweets, picky/fussy eater, poor concentration, hypochlorhydria, pancreatic insufficiency
40
Qi deficiency - kidney sxs
severe fatigue/CFS, chronic low back pain, sore/weak knees, hair changes (thinning, greying, loss of luster), general decline in body functions, adrenal fatigue
41
Yang deficiency - tissue state
qi deficiency w/ more severe cold + (damp)
42
Yang deficiency - general sxs
fatigue, lassitude, exhaustion, dyspnea, spontaneous perspiration, coldness, cold extremities, poor circulation
43
Yang deficiency - biomedical sxs
similar to qi deficiency, but also with androgen insufficiency
44
Yang deficiency - heart sxs
more severe fatigue, circulatory insufficiency, anxiety, heart failure, cardiac insufficiency, hypotension, "devastated yang," cardiogenic shock
45
Yang deficiency - lung sxs
qi deficiency + cold
46
Yang deficiency - digestion ("spleen") sxs
qi deficiency + cold, diminished appetite, bloating, abd distention, belching, intestinal gas, undigested food in stools, fatigue after meals, dislike of cold and damp, loose/poorly formed or freq. stools, poor concentration, weakened memory
47
Yang deficiency - kidney sxs
severe qi deficiency + severe cold, sore/weak knees, tinnitus, greying/thinning hair, coldness, cold sweats, freq. clear urine, incontinence, early morning watery stools/diarrhea, reduced libido, impotence/infertility, erectile dysfunction, worsened asthma
48
Qi stagnation - tissue state
hot
49
Qi stagnation - general sxs
liver qi stagnation MC: abd/breast/rib/chest distention and pain (pain is dull, intermittent, achy, roaming, belching, >passing gas), depression, irritability, sighing, moody, dysmenorrhea, irregular menstruation
50
Qi stagnation - biomedical sxs
poor liver detox (phase 1/2)
51
Qi stagnation - liver sxs
general sxs, indigestion, epigastric discomfort, irregular BMs, irregular menses, PMS, dysmenorrhea, HAs
52
Yang excess - tissue state
extreme hot
53
Yang excess - general sxs
increased immune responses, inflammation, increased tissue metabolism, agitation, anger, manic, restless, insomnia w/ nightmares, fever, red face/head, constipation, thirst, desire for cold drinks, bitter taste in mouth, tongue sores
54
Yang excess - biomedical sxs
exogenous: infx, endogenous: systemic inflammation, immune responses, androgen/cortisol excess (?)
55
Yang excess - heart sxs
palpitations, tachycardia, mental-emotional sxs worsening
56
Yang excess - lung sxs
dry/unproductive cough, yellow/green sputum
57
Yang excess - liver sxs
liver fire, liver/GB damp-heat, liver yang rising, insomnia, vertigo, tinnitus, intense HAs, bloodshot eyes (dry), jaundice, n/v, genital itching, redness, acute hepatitis, HTN
58
Yang excess - digestion ("spleen") sxs
stomach fire, epigastric burning, increased appetite, sour belching, halitosis, mouth/tongue ulcers, painful/bleeding gums, constipation, peptic ulcer, some cases of GERD, acute gastritis

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