Tissue Respone To Injury

Question 1

Passive structure

Answer 1

Tendons= attach muscles to bones and transmission of tensile load
Ligaments and joints capsule = preventions of excessive motion, enhance mechanical stability, guide the joint motion

Question 2

What does unhealthy tissue consist of and which one is the most common type

Answer 2

Unhealthy tissue consists of T3
T1. Is most common one

Question 3

Elasticity

Answer 3

Related to the ability that material to return its original dimensions after loading

Question 4

Stress strain curve

Answer 4

It’s has three regions
Elastic region: its deforms elastically, meaning that it can return its original shape when the stress is removed. The stress and strain is linear in this region
Yield point: the point at which the material transition from elastic deformation to plastic deformation beyond this point, the material will not return to it’s original shape when the stress is removed
Plastic region: the material goes under goes permanent deformation as there stress continues increases and the relationship btw stress and stain is no longer linear
Ultimate tensile strength: ust is maximum stress that a mcan withdraw before its failure occurs
Fracture points; its fails and either by fracture or rupture

Question 5

Inflammation

Answer 5

Define as local response of living tissue to injury due to any agent
And body defense reactions to eliminate or limit the spread of the injurious agent to bring the immune system

Question 6

Symptoms and sight of inflammation

Answer 6

Redness swelling heat pain

Question 7

Three phases of soft tissue healing

Answer 7

Inflammatory- response phase
Proliferation- repair phase
Mutations- remodeling phase

Question 8

Inflammatory phase

Answer 8

This phase begins immediately after an injury and can last up to 6 days. During this phase, the body’s immune system responds to the injury by sending white blood cells, nutrients, and oxygen to the area. This results in redness, swelling, tenderness, and increased temperature. This phase is critical for the entire healing process.

Question 9

Proliferation

Answer 9

This phase can last up to 3 weeks and involves the formation of new tissue. Fibroblasts, which are specialized cells that produce collagen, migrate to the injured area and begin forming new tissue. Blood vessels also begin to form in the area, which helps to supply oxygen and nutrients to the new tissue.

Question 10

Remodeling

Answer 10

This phase can last up to a year and involves the remodeling of the new tissue. The tissue becomes stronger and more organized as collagen fibers align in the direction of stress. This phase is important to ensure that the new tissue can withstand the normal stresses placed upon it.

Question 11

Healing process of ligaments

Answer 11

Tough, relatively inelastic band of tissue that connects
bone to bone
During next 6 weeks-vascular proliferation with new
capillary growth and fibroblastic activity
◦ Full healing may require 12 months

Question 12

Healing process for cartilage

Answer 12

Limited capacity to heal
• Little or no direct blood supply
• Chondrocyte and matrix disruption result in
variable healing

If area involves subchondral bone (enhanced
blood supply) granulation tissue is present and
healing proceeds normally

Question 13

Component of soft tissue

Answer 13

Epithelial tissue
Muscular tissue
Neural tissue
Connective tissue

Question 14

Factors causing dysfunction in soft tissue

Answer 14

*Scar formation: scar formation after surgery, scar formation after inflammation of the capsule
*Limitation of lymphatic circulation and swelling:
*Ground substances dehydration and intermolecular cross link

Question 15

Fascia

Answer 15

Is specialized connective tissue that surrounds every nerve muscle bone blood vessels

Question 16

Function of fascia

Answer 16

Support vessels and nerves
Allow muscles to move over another
Providing stability
Contracting and relaxing to respond to deformation

Question 17

Layers of fascia

Answer 17

Superficial = thin elastic fibers under the surface of the skin
Deep: to separate muscle and organs for contour of the body

Question 18

Myofascial release

Answer 18

It’s manual therapy technique where the fascia is mobilized to prevent relief of restriction and pain for the patient
90-120:second
Performs to parallel to muscle fibers

Question 19

Trigger points

Answer 19

Hyper irritability area , increase muscle hypertonicity, located center of muscle

Question 20

Active trigger point

Answer 20

May produce local or referred pain even when they are not compressed

Question 21

Latent trigger points

Answer 21

Don’t cause local or referred pain unless they are first compressed
Do it at less sever stage