Tissue Culture Flashcards
what is tissue culture
the growth in an artificial medium of cells derived from living tissue
how tissue culture is carried out in plants
- tissue remove from tip of the parent plant
- tissue samples placed on a medium
- develop into tiny plantlets
- plantlets placed into compost
why does tissue culture of one plant produce other plants with identical cells
because they are genetically identical organisms (clones)
what are the advantages of tissue culture in agriculture
- allows growers to mass produce plants that are hard to grow from the seed
- they can create lines of clones with the same beneficial features, like pesticide resistance
what are the general advantages of tissue culture
- can be made very quickly
- very little space is needed
- can be grown all year
that kind of shoots would you get the best result from by removing pieces from their tip
fast growing root or shoot tips
what does a growth medium contain and what conditions is it under
- nutrients and growth hormones
- done under aseptic conditions
- to prevent growth of microbes
why is animal tissue culture used in medical research
it means you can carry out all kinds of experiments on tissues in isolation
an example of animal tissue culture used in the medical field
investigating the effect of glucose on cells in the pancreas by growing pancreatic cells in culture
what is an advantage of animal tissue culture being used in the medical field
- you can look at the effects of substances or environmental change on the cells of a single tissue
- without complications from other processes in the whole organsim
how is the tissue culture of animal cells carried out
- sample of studied tissue
- cells in sample are separated using enzymes
- placed in culture vessel and bathed in growth medium
- after cell division, cells are split up again and placed separate vessels
- once tissue culture is grown its stored for further use
why are the cells bathed in growth medium during tissue culture of animals
to allow them to grow and multiply
why are cells split up again and put into separate vessels in tissue culture of animals
to encourage further growth
how many clones can be made from just one plant
hundreds
