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Sports Medicine 10 > Tissue Booklet > Flashcards

Tissue Booklet Flashcards

1
Q

what does anatomy mean

A

bone and muscle structures of the body

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2
Q

describe anatomical position

A

body is erect with the arms at sides and palms facing forward

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3
Q

what does anterior mean

A

nearer to the front of the body

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4
Q

what does posterior mean

A

nearer to the back of the body

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5
Q

what does superior mean

A

above another portion of the body

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6
Q

what does inferior mean

A

below another portion of the body

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7
Q

what does medial mean

A

closer to the midline of the body

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8
Q

what does lateral mean

A

farther away from the midline of the body

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9
Q

what does proximal mean

A

closer to the center of the body

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10
Q

what does distal mean

A

farther from the center of the body

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11
Q

what are the terms proximal and distal used to describe

A

limbs

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12
Q

what does superficial mean

A

closer to the surface of the body

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13
Q

what does deep mean

A

lies inwards of the surface and is more internal

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14
Q

whats the median plane

A

plane closer to the midline of the body dividing it into equal left and right halves

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15
Q

whats the sagittal plane

A

divides the body into unequal vertical parts

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16
Q

whats the frontal/coronal plane

A

divides body into equal or unequal front and back parts

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17
Q

whats the transverse/horizontal plane

A

divides body into equal or unequal upper and lower parts

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18
Q

whats the bodies center of gravity

A

the belly button

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19
Q

what is osteology

A

the study of bones

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20
Q

what are the 6 functions of bones

A

support, protection, attachment, leverage, mineral storage, production of red blood cells

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21
Q

how many bones are there in the human body

A

206

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22
Q

whats the axial skeleton

A

bones oriented along midline of the body

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23
Q

how many bones make up the axial skeleton

A

80

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24
Q

whats the appendicular skeleton

A

bones in the appendices

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25
how many bones in the appendicular skeleton and how many in the upper and lower parts of the body
126 total, 64 upper, 62 lower
26
what are the four types of bones
long, short, flat, and irregular
27
whats the epiphysis
end of the bone
28
whats the diaphysis
shaft of the bone
29
whats cartilage
thin layer of pliable tissue that covers the ends of bones
30
whats spongy bone
tiny beams of bone forming a lattice truss that makes up the ends of bones
31
whats the periosteum
out edges of the bone that gives it its strength
32
whats compact bone
several layers of solid bone tissue
33
whats yellow marrow
hollow center that lightens bone weight
34
whats the nutrient artery
artery that supplies nutrients to the shaft of the bone
35
whats the epiphysis line
commonly known as the growth plate; produces spongey bone to make bone longer
36
what is a joint
a connection of two or more bones
37
whats arthrology
study of joints
38
what are the three classifications of joints
fibrous, cartilaginous and synovial
39
whats a fibrous joint
bones attached by fibrous connective tissue that permits no movement
40
whats a cartilaginous joint
bones connected by cartilage that permit little or no movement
41
whats a synovial joint
joint capped by cartilage that promotes lots of movement
42
what are the 6 types of synovial joints
ball and socket, hinge, saddle, ellipsoid, pivot, and gliding
43
whats a ball and socket joint
ball-like bone that fits into a socket; permits all movements
44
whats a hinge joint
c shaped bone that swings around another bone and permits limited movement
45
whats a saddle joint
concave surfaces of two bones that articulate with one another; all movements are possible but rotation is limited
46
what is the only saddle joint in the body
the thumb
47
whats an ellipsoid joint
a reducted ball and socket where rotation is not permitted
48
whats a pivot joint
ring of bones that rotate around a process of bone that limits movement to rotation only
49
whats a gliding joint
two opposed flat surfaces of bone that can only glide across each other
50
whats fascia
thing fibrous envelope for skeletal muscle
51
whats a ligament
connects bone to bone
52
whats a tendon
fibrous ends of muscles made of muscular tissues that connect muscle to bone
53
whats cartilage
tissue that protects bones from rubbing against other bones
54
whats bursae
fluid fill sac in or close to joining to stop friction between bones
55
whats adipose tissue
layer of fat
56
whats bone
layer of hard tissue
57
whats the peristinium
hard layer of tissue around bones
58
what injuries are possible to fascia
cuts, scrapes and lacerations
59
what can you do to injure a ligament
dislocate a joint, sprain the ligament or tear it
60
tendon injuries
tendonitis, ruptured tendon, strained tendon
61
cartilage injuries
chondromalacia (patella tracking issue), meniscus tear, locking and giving away in the knee
62
bursae injuries
bursitis
63
how can you injure bones
fracture them
64
whats flexion
when the angle between two bones decreases to become less than 180°
65
whats extension
angle between two bones increases to 180°
66
whats hyperextension
joint going beyond anatomic position and reaching greater than 180°
67
whats rotation
when a body part revolves on its axis moving throughout 180°
68
whats circumduction
circular motion where the joint moves through 360°
69
whats supination
palms facing upwards/forwards
70
whats pronation
palms facing downwards/backwards
71
whats inversion
sole of foot roles in towards other foot
72
whats eversion
sole of foot roles outwards away from the other foot
73
whats abduction
moving away from the midline
74
whats adduction
moving towards the midline
75
whats dorsiflexion
pulling toes towards the shin
76
whats plantarflexion
point toes downwards towards the ground
77
whats protraction
rolling something forward
78
whats retraction
pulling something back
79
what two joints do protraction and retraction apply to
jaw and shoulder blades
80
what type of joints use flexion and extension movements
hinge joints
81
what are the five things required in order to return to play after an injury
100% pain-free, 100% range of motion, strength has to be equal on both sides, physiologically ready, doctors note saying you are good to play
82
whats a major injury
life-threatening injury that causes permanent damage and usually needs you to call 911
83
whats a minor injury
injury that doesn't cause permanent damage and can usually be treated by trainers
84
whats range of motion
the full movement potential of a joint
85
whats active movement
the ability to use your muscles to perform a movement
86
whats passive movement
movement done by another person
87
whats physiology
the study of the way body parts function
88
whats pathology
the study of the causes and effects of a disease or injury
89
whats homeostasis
maintaining of internal stability/equilibrium; when your body is in balance
90
whats an acute injury
a sudden traumatic incident resulting in bleeding and swelling
91
whats a chronic injury
something that never heals proper.y
92
whats a recurrent injury
injuries that heal but leave body structures weak so they are more susceptible to re-injury
93
whats a congenital injury
something you are born with
94
what are the fice anatomical pairings
anterior/posterior, medial/lateral, superior/inferior, proximal/distal, superficial/deep

Sports Medicine 10 (2 decks)

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