Timing & Temporal Organization

Question 1

3 senses of time
- Existence of time
- Sense of time
- Time memory, sense, and sensibility

Answer 1

1) When you’re bored, you pay more attention to more isometric points in time -> Makes time feel slower

2) Sensing the rate of change to in our brain to plan; Use of episodic memory to determine beginning and end

3) Knowing time of day and when to do activity

Question 2

2 perspectives of time

Answer 2

Cosmological: Progression of time in one direction

Astronomical: Focus on repeating units by dividing cosmological time

Question 3

Ancient adaptive uses of biological rhythms (2)

Answer 3

1) Anticipation
- Of when food is available
- Know when light is there (for food or to avoid DNA damage)

2) Organization
- Cells don’t have to be on constantly and preserve energy by having rhythm

Question 4

True or false? Plants and animals have homologous circadian clocks AND molecular clocks
(As in, their organization is all similar)

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Modern adaptive uses of biological rhythms (4)

Answer 5

Migration
Orientation - Tracking movement of sun
Seasonality
Coordination of reproduction and social activity

Question 6

What did they demonstrate in circadian clocks?
De Marian
De Candille
Limaeus

Answer 6

1) Clocks are endogenous (persist even w/out LD cycle)

2) Rhythms are not 24 hours

3) Plants open and close at specific times of day

Question 7

What did they demonstrate w/ circadian rhythms?
Stoppel (Factor X)
Kalmus (metabolic energy)
Bunning (Innateness)

Answer 7

1) Daily leaf movements stop when plants taken into mineshaft

2) Fruit fly emergence delayed for time spent under helium

3) Arrhythmic fruit flies in constant light will develop rhythm when moved to constant dark

Question 8

What are the 4 major biological clocks and what Zeitbeger do they use?

Answer 8

Circadian- Light-dark cycle

Circannual - Seasonal cycling of day length

Circadidal - Tidal cycle

Circalunar - Cycling of nocturnal light