Time Periods Flashcards
This period promoted the rediscovery of classical philosophy, literature and art
Renaissance
This period is the bridge between the middle ages and modern day civilization
Renaissance
Where did Renaissance begin in the mid-1300s?
Italy
What is the french word for “rebirth”?
Renaissance
Who funded the arts and humanities and made Florence into the cradle of Renaissance?
Medici Family
Who are the four popes produced by the Medici Family
Leo X, Clement VII, Pius IV, Leo XI
Who is the first tourist who recovered knowledge from Rome and Greece
Francesco Petrarch
What are Leonardo Davinci’s famous works?
The Last Supper and Mona Lisa
Who created the bronze statue of David and Penitent Magdalene
Donatello
Who painted the frescoes on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel, sculpted David and Pieta
Michelangelo
Who is the first Western artist with a published biography?
Michelangelo
Who sculpted the Sistine Madonna
Raphael
Who is the writer of Decameron and coined as the Humanist?
Giovanni Boccaccio
Who assumed that the movements of the planets and stars must be circular since they would go on forever?
Aristotle
Who first claimed that the Earth revolves around the Sun? (not Nicolaus Copernicus)
Aristarchus of Samos
What is Ptolemy’s most famous work? It is an astronomy textbook that taught students to predict the location of any heavenly body at any time from anywhere on Earth.
The Almagest
Who is the father of modern astronomy?
Nicholaus Copernicus
What is the title of the short astronomical treatise that Nicolaus Copernicus wrote?
Commentariolus or Little Commentary
Who is Tycho Brahe’s assistant?
Johannes Kepler
What are the three laws of planetary motion?
The law of ellipses, the law of equal areas, the law of harmonies
What is the point farthest from the sun? How about the point closest to the sun?
Aphelion & Perihelion
The Earth revolves from west to east. True or false?
True
Precisely how many days does it take Earth to revolve around the sun?
365.242 days
What placed Galileo Galilei under house arrest for the last eight years of his life?
Dialogue concerning the Two Chief World Systems in support of the Copernican system
Who invented the telescope?
Hans Lippershey
What are Jupiter’s four largest satellite moons: (Galilean satellites)
Io, Callisto, Europa, and Ganymede
According to Newton, what is the force created when a planet tends to move outside the orbit?
Centrifugal force
What law of motion is being stated? An object stays at rest unless acted upon by an unequal force.
First law of motion: Law of Inertia
What law of motion is being stated? An object’s acceleration is directly proportional to force and indirectly proportional to its mass.
The second law: The law of force and acceleration
F = ma
What law of motion is being stated? For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
Third law: Law of Equal Forces
What two forces act on Earth as it revolves around the sun?
Centripetal and centrifugal force
What is the most profound revolution in human history?
Industrial revolution
What is the Greek word for technology and what does it mean?
Techne, meaning art or craft
In which country did industrialization start?
Britain
Why was Britain the first country to industrialize?
- Large supplies of coal
- Geography of the country
- Positive political climate
- Effects of Agricultural Revolution
- Vast Colonial Empire
Enumerate the four phases of industrial revolution
- The Age of Mechanical Production
- The Age of Science and Mass Production
- Digital Revolution
- Starting Now
What product was first made using machines
in factories?
Textiles
What phase of industrial revolution opened the doors to space expeditions, research, and biotechnology through new technologies?
Third Industrial revolution: Digital Revolution
The Industrial Revolution was a change in
the way in which products were made
Who invented the steam engine that helped power the Industrial Revolution?
James Watt
What invention revolutionized the process of cotton spinning by spinning eight threads at once?
Spinning Jenny (James Hargreaves)
What is the machine for cleaning cotton of its seeds?
Cotton Gin (Eli Whitney)
It is an electric light with a wire filament heated until it glows
Incandescent light bulb (Thomas Alva Edison)
It is a mechanized device used to weave cloth and tapestry
Power Loom (Edmund Cartwright)
This machine was used to spin textile fibers into yarn and thread
Spinning Mule (Samuel Crompton)
This phase of industrial revolution focused on steel production, the automobile, and advances in electricity
Second Industrial Revolution
True or False: Industrialization resulted to mass unemployment
True
What were 3 important innovations during the 2nd industrial revolution?
telegraph and railroad networks, gas and water supply, sewage systems
This is any device or system that allows the transmission of information by coded signal over a distance
Telegraph (Samuel Morse)
This invention allowed people to flock to cities and allowed people to travel newer places as well
Railroad (George Stephenson)
This is an instrument designed for the simultaneous transmission and reception of the human voice
Telephone (Alexander Graham Bell)
This phase of industrial revolution is characterized by the spread of automation and digitization through the use of electronics and computers
Third Industrial Revolution
This phase of industrial revolution is a way of describing the blurring boundaries between the physical, digital, and biological worlds.
Fourth Industrial Revolution
Four specific technological developments during the fourth industrial revolution:
- High-speed mobile internet
- AI and automation
- Big Data Analytics
- Cloud Technology
