TIME & NUMBERS الزمن والعدد Flashcards
Time
الزمن
Days of the week
ايام الاسبوع
Months of the year
شهور السنة
Numbers
الارقام
Noon
ظهْر
Midnight
منْتصف الليل
The present
الحاضر
The future
المستقبل
Daytime
نهار
Time
وقْت
Dusk
غسق
Dawn
فجْر
Sunrise
شروق
Sunset
غروب
Sunday
يوم الاحد
Monday
يوم الاثنين
Tuesday
يوم الثلاثاء
Wednesday
يوم الاربعاء
Thursday
يوم الخميس
Friday
يوم الجمعة
Saturday
يوم السبْت
Daily
يوميا
Immediately
حالاً/ فوْراََ
Afterwards, later on
لاحقاََ
Subsequently
فيما بعد
Previously
سابقاََ
Shortly after
بعيْد
Shortly before
قبيْل
Never
ابداََ
Recently
اخيراََ
Beforehand
سلفاََ
Zero
صفر
One
واحد
Two
اثنان
Three
ثلاثة
Some (any unspecified amount between 2 and 9)
بِضْع
To refer to 1 or 2 of something…
… we use the singular and the dual
Numbers 3-10 are used in what way?
They are the first term of an idaafa and are therefore followed by a plural in the ‘i’ case.
A few more
(Used after the numbers 20-90; ie. “I lived here for 20 years and a few more” - mainly used to refer to years) نيّف
Gender polarity in numbers 3-10 depend on what?
- The noun must come after the number
2. The noun must be explicitly mentioned
What happens when the number 8 is in an idaafa?
What if it is not in an idaafa and the agreeing noun is masculine?
What if the noun is feminine?
- Number 8’s ‘ya’ remains in an idaafa.
- If it is not part of an idaafa and the noun is masculine, it will have a (-at) ة after the ‘ya’
- If the noun is feminine, number 8 is treated as a final weak noun and the ‘ya’ is ommited ثمانٍ
Numbers 11 and 12 are made up of what?
What must they agree with?
What does number 10 look like in the feminine?
عشرةand واحد / اثنان
- Ten must agree in gender with the noun.
- Number 10 in fem. has a sukkun over ‘sh’ عشْرة
For numbers 13-19, which part agrees with the noun?
The عشرة agrees with the noun in gender, but the first part (3,4,5,6 etc) does not. eg. اربع عشرة طيارة
The tens (20,30,40 etc) take what form? U case ending? A/I case ending?
Multiples of ten (20-90) are invariable and do not change gender.
U case = ون
A/I case = ين
Numbers 100-1000, one million and one billion take what form?
Do they change gender?
What are their endings?
What if there are multiple hundreds?
- They are the first term in a idaafa
- They do not change gender
- They do change ending
- It there are multiple hundreds, thousands etc, then the agreeing noun must also be plural and definite.
How do you write 300, 400, 500 etc?
What about gender?
The word for ‘100’ مئة becomes a compound with the words for ‘2,3,4,5’ etc. eg. ثلاثمئة
The numbers which precede 100 will be masculine, since 100 is feminine. It is completely unaffected by the gender of the noun that follows it.
What pattern do ordinal numbers take?
Which number is the exception?
فاعل - they agree in gender with their noun
The exception is number 1, which is written الاوّل / الاولى
instead of واحد
First
الاوّل / الاولى
What do ordinal numbers 11-19 look like?
Which part is definite?
What about gender?
- The first part takes the فاعل pattern; the number 10 looks normal.
- The first part is definite and the 10 remains indefinite.
- If the noun is feminine, the first and second parts of the number will also be feminine - there is total gender agreement in ordinal numbers.
What does the ordinal number 11 look like?
The first part of ordinal number 11 differs from the الواحد/الواحدة we are used to. It looks like this: الحادي / الحادية so that it follows the same فاعل pattern as the others.
What do ordinals 21-99 look like?
Which part is definite?
What about gender?
- The first part takes the فاعل pattern. The second part is normal - ie 20, 30, 40 in the usual form.
- Both parts take the definite.
- The first part (1,2,3 etc) agrees with the noun in gender. The second part (20,30,40 etc) never changes its gender and will will take the ون/ ين ending as usual.
Ordinal numbers 100 and 100 look like what?
How do you say 101, 1002 etc?
They never change gender, but they must be definite.
To say 101, you literally say “the first after the one hundred”.
One
واحد
Two
اثنان / اثنتان
Three
ثلاثة/ ثلاث
Four
أربعة /أربع
Five
خمسة /خمس
Six
ستة /ست
Seven
سبعة /سبع
Eight
ثمانية /ثماني
Nine
تسعة /تسع
Ten
عشرة
Eleven
أحد عشر
Twelve
اثنا عشر / اثنتا عشرة
Thirteen
ثلاثة عشر (agrees with masc noun)
ثلاث عشرة (agrees with fem noun)
Fourteen
أربع عشرة
أربعة عشر
Sixteen
ست عشرة
ستة عشر
Seventeen
سبعة عشر
سبع عشرة
Eighteen
ثمانية عشر
ثماني عشرة
Nineteen
تسعة عشر
تسع عشرة
Twenty
عشرون
21
واحد وعشرون/ين
22
اثنتان (fem) وعشرون /ين
اثنين وعشرون
If 21 agrees with a feminine noun, which part of the number will be feminine?
The واحدة -
always stays the same عشرون
23
ثلاث وعشرون
ثلاثة وعشرون
24
أربع وعشرون /ين
أربعة وعشرون
25
خمس وعشرون
خمسة وعشرون
26
ست وعشرون
ستة “
27
سبع وعشرون
سبعة “
28
ثماني وعشرون
ثمانية “
29
تسع وعشرون
تسعة “
30
ثلاثون
ثلاثين