Timbers Flashcards
What is Forestry Management
Sustainable cycle of planting, cultivation and harvesting
What is Timber Conversion
When Felled trees are cut into manageable lengths and converted into boards or planks
What are the Two main timber finishes
PAR (Plained All Round) and Rough Sawn
What is Green timber
Newly felled and unseasoned timber with a moisture quantity of 50%+. Very hard to work with as outdoor applications should have 20% or less and indoor 10% or less. Moisture must be removed to gain strength and reduce dimensional movement.
Name two Ways to reduce moisture content
Season the wood by air drying or kiln drying (Kiln drying less prone to faults)
Name all the Faults
These occur as timbers dry:
Bowing
Splitting
Crooking
Cupping
Twisting
What Is Sustainable Timber
Timber supplies approved by the Forest Stewardship Council that regulates that timber supplies are sustainably managed and harvested
What are Manufactured Boards
They come in large sheets, often made from recycled or waste wood and adhesives. They are often made using lamination or compression techniques and covered with veneers of high quality timber.
What is Lamination
The technique of layering materials using heat, pressure and adhesives. Strips of timber are glued together and placed over a jig. Clamps or a vacuum press are used to exert pressure while the adhesive dries.
What is Compression
Compression uses adhesives, heat and pressure to combine shreds, chips or pulp to produce a larger board. These boards are often covered with a melamine or chemical laminate.
What is Rotational Veneer
Veneer can be made by rotating a tree trunk to create a long ribbon of thin veneer, cut to length
What are the advantages of Rotational Veneer
Available in long sheets with few faults or defects, aesthetic flows such as knots can be easily eliminated, made of recycled products, vast range of surface finishes.
What are the disadvantages of Rotational Veneer
Adhesives used can be hazardous if inhaled, edges are hard to finish and the boards are prone to absorbing moisture
Name the Common Stock Forms
Plank, Boards, Mouldings, Dowels and Sheets
What is a moulding
timber components with a shaped profile
What is a Countersunk Screw
A screw that gives a better hold and a neater finish. Also allows a plug or cap to be used to cover the screws head to create a clean and unbroken appearance.
What are Knock-Down Fittings
Often used for self assembly furniture. Block with hole in attached by nails.
What is wasting and abrading
The process of removing layers of wood e.g. sanding to get a better finish
What is wood turning
When a Lathe is used to turn wood on a plate or between two points while it is shaped by tools
How is wood bent
It is steamed to make it more malleable and then the softened timber is forced around a jig using a strap and left to dry.
Advantages of Engineered or Manufactured Wood
Can be mixed with glues to give greater strength and stability making it better for construction and domestic uses. Also reuses waste wood products
Why is flat pack furniture good
less expensive, arrives boxed making it easier to store and transport, easy to assemble. Less aesthetic though
What are the Advantages of Commercial Manufacturing
CNC machinery ensures mass produced timber components are equal sized parts. Helps minimize waste materials. Screw Holes, slots and patterns can be cut in one process. Machines work quickly and efficiently.
What are the Advantages of Commercial Turning
CNC wood lathes can create identical cylindrical components once programmed
