TILLAGE OPERATION Flashcards
Tillage of an entire area as contrasted to a partial tillage as bands or strips
Broadcast tillage
Primary tillage operation which manipulates the soil to a greater depth than 300 mm
Deep tillage
Tillage action and transport operation utilized to loosen, load, carry and unload soil
Earthmoving
Tillage operation which move soil to create desired soil configuration
Land forming
Tillage operation that cut and moves small layers of soil to provide smooth, refined surface
Land planning
A system that maintains a minimum of 30% residue cover on the soil surface after planting or maintains at least 1, 100kg/ha of flat small grain residue equivalent on the soil surface during the critical erosion period
Conservation tillage
System traditionally performed in preparing seedbed for a given crop and grown in a geographical area
Conventional tillage
System wherein least soil manipulation is performed
Minimum tillage
System in which tillage of the total soil surface is performed in such a way that plant residue is specifically left on or near the soil surface
Mulch tillage
Idealized system which permits a maximized net return for a given crop under given conditions
Optimum tillage
Subsoiling under the plant row prior to planting usually intended for subsurface drainage
Precision tillage
System in which large number of depressions or small reservoirs are formed to hold rain or sprinkler applied water
Reservoir tillage
Operations simultaneously utilizing two or more different type of tillage tools or implements to simplify, control, or reduce the number of trips over a field
Combined tillage operation
Outer layer of the brown rice consisting of the aleurone cells covering the endosperm of the rice grain
Bran
Pieces of grains smaller than 3/4 of the average length of the unbroken kernels
Broken grains
Rice kernels from which only the hull has been removed and with the bran layer still intact
Brown Rice
Grain or piece of grain with its length equal to or greater than 3/4 of the average length of the whole kernels
Head rice
Grains obtained after the removal of hull, bran or germ
Milled rice
Rice mill that employs a series of two or more whitening/polishing machines
Multi-pass rice mill
Device of a rice mill, which removes the remaining bran on the milled rice and produces glossy appearance
Polisher
Type of rice mill having an under-runner stone disc huller and vertical cone whitener
Cone “cocno” type
Type of rice mill using a rubber roll huller and utilizes friction and/or combination of other types of whitener
Rubber roll type
Type of huller with rotating blades and utilizes pressure such as Coriolis’ force, frictional force from the blades, or impact force at collision with the blades and peripheral surface
Centrifugal type
Rice that employs only one whitening machine
Single pass
Rice grain from which the hull, the germ, the outer bran layers and the greater part of the inner bran layer have been removed, but part of lengthwise steaks of the bran layers may still be present on less than 20% of the sample grains
Well milled rice
Type of whitening machine consisting of a cylinder or cone with abrasive material such as emery stone or any similar materials enclosed in a perforated steel housing
Abrasive type
