Tides

Question 1

Forced Wave

Answer 1

A wave currently influenced and reliant on forces like wind or gravity

Question 2

Free Wave

Answer 2

A wave that doesn’t require an external force to stay in motion

Question 3

What kinds of waves are tides?

Answer 3

Shallow water waves because they have the longest wavelengths and extend all the way to the ocean floor

Question 4

How many high tides and low tides per day?

Answer 4

2 of each
Why?
The moon causes the high tide bulges and the earth rotates around to each of these points once

Question 5

Does distance or mass have a greater effect on gravitational pull?

Answer 5

Distance
Why?
Gravitational force is proportional to product of masses
- Greater the mass, greater the gravitational pull
Inversely proportional to square of separation distance
- Increase distance, force greatly decreases

Question 6

Zenith

Answer 6

The point closest to the moon with the strongest gravitational pull

Question 7

Nadir

Answer 7

The point farthest from the moon with the weakest gravitational pull

Question 8

What is the result of gravity and inertia combined?

Answer 8

Centripetal Force

Question 9

How long is a lunar day?

Answer 9

24 hours, 50 minutes
How long the moon takes to orbit the Earth once

Question 10

How long is a solar day?

Answer 10

24 hours

Question 11

Spring tide

Answer 11

The sun and moon align and the forces from the sun and the moon to combine and cause a larger tide than normal

Question 12

Neap tide

Answer 12

The Sun and Moon form a 90-degree angle with the earth, so their forces cancel out. This results in a lower tidal range and lower tidal level

Question 13

When does spring tide occur?

Answer 13

Full moon and new moon

Question 14

When does neap tide occur?

Answer 14

First and third quarter moon

Question 15

Flood tide

Answer 15

When the water comes toward the shore (High Tide)

Question 16

Ebb tide

Answer 16

When the water moves away from the shore (Low Tide)

Question 17

Declination angle

Answer 17

The sun and moon aren’t always directly above the equator (they’re moving in 3D space, so it isn’t exactly easy to occur), so lunar tidal bulges rarely align with the equator

Question 18

How does the elliptical orbit affect tidal ranges?

Answer 18

The perigee causes greater tidal ranges and the apogee causes lower tidal ranges

Question 19

Why do tides break into cells?

Answer 19

The rotation of the earth is too strong

Question 20

Amphidromic point

Answer 20

A point in the ocean where there is little to no tide, crests and troughs rotate around them

Question 21

Cotidal lines

Answer 21

Lines through areas that have high tide at the same time
(CO means same)

Question 22

What direction do tidal waves rotate in the Northern and Southern hemisphere

Answer 22

Tide waves rotate counter-clockwise in Northern Hemisphere and clockwise in Southern Hemisphere.

Question 23

Diurnal tidal pattern

Answer 23

One high and one low in a lunar day (24 hours, 50 minutes)

Question 24

What is the tidal period for diurnal tidal patterns?

Answer 24

24 hours 50 minutes, a lunar day

Question 25

Semidiurnal tidal pattern

Answer 25

Two high tides and two low tides each lunar day

Question 25

What is the tidal period for semidiurnal tidal patterns?

Answer 25

12 hours 25 minutes
high tide is twice as often, so it takes half as long to occur

Question 26

Mixed tidal pattern

Answer 26

Has characteristics of both, usually 2 high 2 low but not always

Question 27

Diurnal inequality

Answer 27

When successive high tides and low tides have significantly
different heights
Occurs during a mixed tidal pattern, like having a local and extreme max and min

Question 28

Most common tidal pattern?

Answer 28

mixed tidal pattern

Question 29

Mixed tidal pattern period?

Answer 29

Usually 12 hours 25 minutes, but can have a diurnal tidal period

Question 30

Tidal bore

Answer 30

A wall of water moving toward a narrower low-lying river causing the wave height to increase rapidly (goes sanic fast)

Question 31

What causes a whirlpool?

Answer 31

Opposing tidal cycles in restricted coastal passageways

Question 32

What are tide pools?

Answer 32

They occur along coast where ocean meets the land where it’s rocky or has a rapidly changing surface.
Life in them is very varied and has to survive 6-12 hours without protection of water when exposed to high heat. The tidal sequence brings lots of nutrients