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Tumor Immunology - Zeng > TI > Flashcards

TI Flashcards

1
Q

Tumor cells can ________ expression of MHC class 1 to evade __________ attack

A

Lose

Cytotoxic T cell

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2
Q

NK activation receptor ______________ mediates _____________

A

FcgammaR

ADCC

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3
Q

NK cells produce __________________ which can activate macrophages

A

IFN-gamma

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4
Q

NK cells activated by antibody can kill via ________

A

ADCC

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5
Q

NK cells activated by their activation receptors can cause ____________

A

cytotoxicity

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6
Q

________ macrophages important in tumor immunity

A

M1

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7
Q

Tumor antigens, IFN-gamma (from T cells and NK cells), and microbial products (LPS) can activate

A

macrophages

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8
Q

M1 macrophages have cytotoxic molecules that can be _________________ on tumor cells or act on __________ tumor cells

A

Released directly

phagocytosed

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9
Q

M1 macrophages can secrete ____________, which causes thrombosis of tumor blood vessels

A

TNF (tumor necrosis factor)

Leads to tumor necrosis

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10
Q

Most important adaptive immune response to tumors is ________

A

CD8 cytotoxic T cell response

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11
Q

Tumor antigens or cells are ingested by ______. Peptides derived from antigens are presented by MHC ___________.
CD8 naive T cells recognize tumor peptide/MHC _______
CD4 Thelper cells are activated to produce cytokines by peptide/MHC ________.
Drives differentiation of CD8 T cells.

What is process called?

A

APC
Classes 1 and 2
Class 1
Class 2

Cross Priming

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12
Q

Once differentiated, do Cytotoxic T cells need costimulation to kill tumor cells?

A

No

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13
Q

Tumor cells can evade immune attack by expressing inhibitory ________

A

surface proteins and cytokines

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14
Q

Tumor cells ___________ Tregulatory cells

A

recruit

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15
Q

Loss of MHC class 1 expression and tumor antigen that initially caused cytotoxic T cell differentiation can cause

A

Lack of T cell recognition

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16
Q

APC at tumor site not fully activated, express low levels of

A

B7

17
Q

B7 binds to ______ to form an inhibitory signal

A

CTLA-4

18
Q

Some tumor cells express ______ that can attenuate the activation of cytotoxic T cells

A

PD-L1

19
Q

TGF-beta is a _______ cytokine

A

inhibitory

20
Q

Many tumor cells secrete

A

TGF-Beta (inhibitory cytokine)

21
Q

NK inhibitory receptors recognize

A

MHC class 1

22
Q

Tregulatory cells are small population of ________

A

CD4 T cells

23
Q

Prevent autoimmune and allergic disease by suppressing immune responses to auto-antigens and allergens

A

Tregulatory cells

24
Q

Tumors recruit _________ to tumor site to suppress immune responses to tumor antigens

A

Treg

25
Q

_____CD8
_____Treg cells

Poor prognosis

A

Low

High

26
Q

Tumor vaccines, blocking inhibitory pathways, and co-stimulators and cytokines are part of __________ strategies

A

Active

27
Q

Antibodies to CTLA-4 and PD-L1 would ______________

A

block inhibitory pathways

28
Q

Co-stimulatory molecules and cytokines often _______ immune response so used in vaccines

A

enhance

29
Q

Adoptive cell transfer and anti-tumor antibodies are used in _________

A

passive immunotherapy

30
Q

Lymphokine activated killer (LAK) cells are ______ expanded and acted on by ______

A

NK cells

IL-2

31
Q

Can be obtained from patients and expanded with inactivated tumor cells and IL-2. Enriched for tumor specific cytotoxic T cells

A

Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes

32
Q

In graft versus leukemia effect, lymphocytes from healthy donors mount immune response against cancer patient’s ________, which causes recipient’s _______ cells to be attacked

A

MHC

Leukemia

33
Q

Anti-tumor antibodies conjugated with _________ or ________

A

toxins

radioisotopes

Tumor Immunology - Zeng (1 decks)

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