thyroid pharmacology Flashcards
1
Q
diagnostics for hyperthyroidism
A
- Low serum TSH
- High serum T3
- High serum T4
2
Q
diagnostics for hypothyroidism
A
- High TSH
- Low T3/T4
3
Q
causes of hyperthyroidism include
A
- graves disease
- toxic nodular goitre
- thyroiditis (silent, subacute)
- XS iodine
- factitious (supplements)
- TSH hyper secreting pituitary adenoma (secondary)
- neonatal
4
Q
graves disease
A
- an autoimmune disorder
- pathogenic antibodies directed to TSHr present on T follicular cells
- act as long acting thyroid stimulators
5
Q
extra thyroidal manifestations graves disease include
A
eye
- lid lag retraction
- conjunctival oedema
- periorybital puffiness
- proptosis
- ophthalmoplegia
skin- pertibial myxoedema
6
Q
graves diagnosed via
A
radioiodine isotope uptake scans
- isotope imaging
- TPO abs +ve
- TSHr abs + ve
- use of assays ^
7
Q
neonatal is caused by
A
mother has GD
- anti-TSH abs cross the placenta into the developing foetus
8
Q
carbimazole works by
A
- is a thionamide drug
-blocking TH synthesis - blocks iodine incorporation and organification through
inhibition of TPO - prevents iodination
9
Q
side effects of carbimazole include
A
- rashes, joint pain, sickness
- agranulocytosis- infection risk
- hepatotoxicity with PT
10
Q
treatments of hyperthyroidism include
A
- surgery /removal
- thionamides (blocks synthesis)
- iodine 131 therapy - targeted therapy - NIS transporters- kill cells producing XS TH
11
Q
hashimotos thyroiditis
A
- autoimmune disorder
- TPO/ Tg auto-abs
- genetic predisposition
12
Q
hypothyroidism can occur because of…
A
- hashimotos T
- after treatment of hyperT (iodine 131)
- subacute/silent
- iodine deficiency (major cause in andes, Zaire)
- congenital (enzyme defects)
- thyroid nodules/ goitre
13
Q
can prescribe levothyroxine
A
- goal of therapy is to restore patients to euthyroid state and to normalise serum T3/4
14
Q
thyroid nodules
A
- discovered on palpation, imaging
- common in females, elders
- ## iodine deficiency
