Thyroid Eye Disease Flashcards
1
Q
What is the main risk factor for thyroid eye disease?
A
Smoking
2
Q
What are symptoms of thyroid eye disease?
A
- Eye discomfort, grittiness
- Increased tear production
- Photophobia
- Diplopia
- Decreased visual acuity
- Afferent pupillary defect (optic nerve compression)
3
Q
What are some signs of thyroid eye disease?
A
- Exophthalmos
- Proptosis - eyes protrude beyond the orbit
- Conjunctival oedema
- Corneal ulceration
- Papilloedema
- Loss of colour vision
- Ophalmoplegia esp of upwards gaze
4
Q
What investigations would you undertake?
A
- Clinical diagnosis
- CT/MRI may show enlarged eye muscles
5
Q
What is the management for thyroid eye disease?
A
- Treat hyper/hypothyroidism
- Advise to stop smoking (worse prognosis)
Symptomatic relief -
- Artificial tears
- Sunglasses
- Avoid dust
- Elevate bed when asleep to reduce periorbital oedema
- Manage oedema with Fresnel prism stuck to lens of glasses
- High dose steroids in severe disease
- Surgical decompression for severe sight threatening disease
