thyroid disorders

Question 1

what blood findings would you expect in hypothyroidism & myxedema

Answer 1

anemia, hyponatremia, hyperlipidemia, low FT4, and elevated TSH

Question 2

what symptoms would you expect in hypothyroidism and myxedema

Answer 2

weakness, fatigue, cold intolerance, constipation, wt change, depression, menorrhagia, hoarseness

Question 3

what signs would you expect to find in hypothyroidism and myxedema

Answer 3

dry skin, bradycardia, delayed return of DTR, menorrhagia, hoarsenes

Question 4

would you expect to find the TSH level elevated or depressed in primary hypothyroidism

Answer 4

TSH should be elevated

Question 5

T/F hypothyroidism may be due to failure or resection of the thyroid gland itself or deficiency of pituitary PTH

Answer 5

true or can be functional as in severe nonthyroidal illness

Question 6

what are some drugs that can cause hypothyroidism

Answer 6

chemotherapeutic agents- radioiodine based, amiodarone (high iodine content), interferon

Question 7

what is associated with an increased risk of autoimmune thyroiditis (antithyroid antibodies) leading to hypothyroid

Answer 7

Hepatitis C

Question 8

what are 2 common syndromes seen in hypothyroidism

Answer 8

carpal tunnel and raynaud

Question 9

what would hypothyroid look like

Answer 9

puffy face, eyes, frowzy hair, and dull apathetic appearance

Question 10

how can hypothyroid affect your senses

Answer 10

decreased sense of taste, smell, and diminished auditory acuity

Question 11

what is the single best screening test for hypothyroidism

Answer 11

serum TSH

Question 12

over 95% of normal adults have a serum TSH under ___

Answer 12

3.0mU/L

Question 13

what is the preferred Tx for hypothyroidism

Answer 13

synthetic levothyroxine

Question 14

what is a complication of levothyroxine therapy

Answer 14

it can exacerbate HF in preexisting CAD

Question 15

pts with severe hypothyroidism have an increased susceptibility to ___

Answer 15

bacterial pneumonia

Question 16

what are some key symptoms of hyperthtroidism

Answer 16

sweating, wt change, anxiety, palpitations, loose stool, heat intolerance, irritability, weakness, menstrual irregularity

Question 17

what are some key signs of hyperthyroidism

Answer 17

tachycardia, warm moist skin, stare, tremor

Question 18

what are some key findings in Graves dz

Answer 18

goiter -often with bruit, opthalmopathy (exopthalamus/ proptosis, lid lag)

Question 19

in hyperthyroidism what would you expect to find hormonally

Answer 19

suppressed TSH in primary, inc T3,4 and FT3,4

Question 20

what is Graves dz

Answer 20

autoimmune disorder affecting the thyroid gland, characterized by an inc synth and release of thyroid hormone

Question 21

multiple autonomous toxic adenomas of the thyroid are seen in what Dz

Answer 21

toxic multinodular goiter

Question 22

subacute thyroiditis AKA “de Quervain or granulomatous” is typically caused by ___

Answer 22

viral infections

Question 23

what are some S/S of subacute throiditis

Answer 23

extremely painful thyroid, tender to touch, enlarged 3-4x, dysphagia and pain - can radiate to jaw or ear

Question 24

a high RAI uptake is seen in

Answer 24

Graves dz and toxic nodular goiter

Question 25

a low RAI uptake is seen in

Answer 25

subacute thyroiditis

Question 26

what are some complications of hyperthyroidism

Answer 26

hypercalcemia, osteoporosis, nephrocalcinosis, arrhythmias and HF

Question 27

T/F propranolol is generally used for symptomatic relief of hyperthyroidism

Answer 27

true

Question 28

how is toxic multinodular goiter treated

Answer 28

propranolol ER and methimazole

Question 29

what autoimmune condition is the most common thyroid disorder in the US where B- lymphocytes invade the thyroid gland

Answer 29

Hashimoto thyroiditis

Question 30

how does PTH maintain plasma Ca

Answer 30

by direct actions on kidney, bone and activating vit D

Question 31

T/F bone is a calcium and phosphorus reservoir

Answer 31

true

Question 32

in the kidney what effect does PTH have

Answer 32

inc Ca resorption; inc phosphate excretion; activates Vit D

Question 33

does PTH inc or dec in low Ca and low Vit D

Answer 33

increase