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PHCP 2 > Thyroid > Flashcards

Thyroid Flashcards

1
Q

Thyroid produces what hormones?

A

T3 (triiodothyronine) & T4 (tetraiodothyronine)

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2
Q

Hormone for bone regulations

A

Calcitonin

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3
Q

T4:T3 ratio

A

13:1

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4
Q

Main component of thyroid hormone

A

Iodine

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5
Q

RDI of iodine

A

150 mcg/day

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6
Q

RDI of iodine for pregnant

A

200 mcg/day

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7
Q

Transporter of thyroidal hormone

A

Sodium iodide symporter

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8
Q

Enzyme that oxidizes iodide to iodine

A

Thyroidal peroxidase

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9
Q

Carry T3 to organs

A

Albumin & Proalbumin

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10
Q

Enzyme in deiodination

A

5-deiodinase

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11
Q

Via _________ T3 and T4 will be sent to the blood.

A

Proteolysis

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12
Q

Medications that could block the symporter

A

Thiocyanate
Perchlorate
Pertechnetate

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13
Q

Hypothalamus secretes

A

TRH

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14
Q

Apical pituitary gland secretes

A

TSH

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15
Q

In normal individuals, excess iodide inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis

A

Wolff chaikoff block

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16
Q

An autoimmune disease wherein there’s a destruction of thyroid cells or thyroglobulin

A

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

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17
Q

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is example of

A

Hypothyroidism

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18
Q

An autoimmune disorder that involves overactivity of the thyroid (hyperthyroidism)

A

Grave’s disease

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19
Q

Common caused of Grave’ disease

A

TSH antibodies

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20
Q

Hallmarks of the condition are bulging eyes, redness, and retracting eyelids

A

Ophthalmopathy

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21
Q

Spooning of fingernails

A

Koilonychias

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22
Q

DOC for pretibial dermopathy

A

Topical Corticosteroid

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23
Q

Large tongue

A

Macroglossa

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24
Q

Decreased peripheral vascular resistance; increased heart rate, stroke volume

A

Thyrotoxicosis

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25
Q

Increased peripheral vascular resistance; decreased heart rate, stroke volume

A

Hypothyroidism

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26
Q

decreased vital capacity

A

Thyrotoxicosis

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27
Q

hypercapnia

A

Hypothyroidism

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28
Q

Increased appetite; increased frequency of bowel movements

A

Thyrotoxicosis

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29
Q

Decrease the dose of warfarin

A

Thyrotoxicosis

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30
Q

Decreased appetite; Decreased frequency of bowel movements

A

Hypothyroidism

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31
Q

Ascites

A

Hypothyroidism

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32
Q

Prone to edema

A

Hypothyroidism

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33
Q

Increased erythropoiesis

A

Thyrotoxicosis

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34
Q

Decreased erythropoiesis; anemia

A

Hypothyroidism

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35
Q

Menstrual irregularities

A

Thyrotoxicosis

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36
Q

Hypermenorrhea

A

Hypothyroidism

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37
Q

Oligospermia

A

Hypothyroidism

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38
Q

decreased gonadal steroid metabolism

A

Hypothyroidism

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39
Q

Increased basal metabolic rate

A

Thyrotoxicosis

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40
Q

Decreased basal metabolic rate

A

Hypothyroidism

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41
Q

increased requirements for fat- and water-soluble vitamins

A

Thyrotoxicosis

42
Q

decreased cholesterol and triglycerides

A

Thyrotoxicosis

43
Q

increased cholesterol and triglycerides

A

Hypothyroidism

44
Q

increased warfarin

A

Hypothyroidism

45
Q

decreased hormone degradation

A

Hypothyroidism

46
Q

These medications are bad for the treatment of obesity

A

Levothyroxine, Liothyronine, Liotrix

47
Q

Drug of Choice for thyroid replacement therapy and suppression therapy

A

Levothyroxine

48
Q

Not recommended for routine therapy because of greater risk for cardiotoxicity

A

Liothyronine

49
Q

Best for short term suppression of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

A

Liothyronine

50
Q

combination of T4 and T3 with a ratio of 4:1

A

Liotrix

51
Q

Drug of choice fot thyrotoxicosis

A

Methimazole, Propylthiouracil (PTU)

52
Q

Thioamides

A

Methimazole, Propylthiouracil (PTU)

53
Q

Drug that is converted to methimazole

A

Carbimazole

54
Q

DOC for adult and children

A

Methimazole

55
Q

Methimazole adr

A

Cholestatic jaundice

56
Q

Has black box warning: Severe hepatitis

A

Propylthiouracil

57
Q

Reserved for 1st trimester pregnancy in case of thyroid storm

A

PTU

58
Q

Given to px with ADR from methimazole

A

PTU

59
Q

FATAL ADR OF THIOAMIDES

A

AGRANULOCYTOSIS

60
Q

Block uptake of Iodide through competitive inhibition of iodide transport

A

Anion inhibitors

61
Q

Blocks the thyroidal reuptake of iodine, especially in patients with iodine induced hyperthyroidism

A

K perchlorate

62
Q

K perchlorate adr

A

Aplastic anemia

63
Q

Inhibits the organification of hormone release

A

Iodides

64
Q

preparation of surgical thyroidectomy

A

Iodides

65
Q

Only isotope for thyrotoxicosis

A

I131

66
Q

Penetration ranges of I131

A

400-2000 nm

67
Q

patient (usually infant) has mental retardation and disadvantages

A

Cretinism

68
Q

end state of untreated hypothyroidism

A

Myxedema coma

69
Q

Levothyroxine loading dose

A

300 - 400 mcg

70
Q

Levothyroxine regular dose

A

50 - 100 mcg

71
Q

Elevated TSH, normal thyroid hormone

A

Subclinical hypothyroidism

72
Q

Most common form of hyperthyroidism

A

Grave’s disease

73
Q

Grave’s disease aka

A

Diffuse toxic goiter

74
Q

If beta-blocker is contraindicated, give

A

Diltiazem

75
Q

Usually seen in older women with nodular goiters already

A

Toxic Mononodular Goiter

76
Q

spontaneously resolving hyperthyroidism

A

Subacute thyroiditis

77
Q

Sudden onset of all the symptoms of thyrotoxicosis

A

Thyroid Storm

78
Q

This is usually because of the passage of maternal TSH-R antibodies through the placenta

A

Neonatal Grave’s Disease

79
Q

Propranolol dose in Neonatal Grave’s Disease

A

2 mg/kg/day

80
Q

Suppressed TSH level but normal thyroid hormone

A

Subclinical Hyperthyroidism

81
Q

Diuretic that inhibits T4 to T3 conversion

A

Amiodarone

82
Q

Syndrome of enlarged thyroid without excessive thyroid hormone production

A

Non toxic goiter

83
Q

Can be benign or malignant

A

Thyroid neoplasm

84
Q

Type 1 for px with underlying thyroid disease

A

Iodine Induced Thyrotoxicosis

85
Q

Due to the leakage of thyroid hormone in the circulation

A

Inflammatory Thyroiditis

86
Q

Vaused by viral infection

A

Subacute Thyroiditis

87
Q

Associated with large goiter

A

Toxic Mononodular Goiter

88
Q

increased cardiac output, inotropy, and chronotropy

A

Hyperthyroidism

89
Q

Should not be administered to pregnant or nursing mothers as it may cross the placenta and breast milk and it can also destroy the infant’s thyroid gland.

A

I131

90
Q

Beta-blocker without ISA

A

Propranolol, Metoprolol, Atenolol

91
Q

Examples of iodides

A

Lugol’s solution & KI2

92
Q

Half-life of Levothyroxine

A

7 days

93
Q

Half-life of Liothyronine

A

24 hrs

94
Q

Usually given to patient with HYPOthyroidism

A

Levothyroxine, Liothyronine, Liotrix

95
Q

Active form in deiodination

A

3-5-3

96
Q

Incorporation of iodine into thyroglobulin for the production of thyroid hormone

A

Iodide organification

97
Q

Lethargy; general slowing of mental processes; neuropathies

A

Hypothyroidism

98
Q

Nervousness; hyperkinesia; emotional lability

A

Thyrotoxicosis

99
Q

Other term for Hyperthyroidism

A

Thyrotoxicosis

100
Q

Shelf-life of Levothyroxine, Liothyronine, Liotrix

A

2 years

PHCP 2 (5 decks)

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