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Thyroid Flashcards

1
Q

Thyroid produces what hormones?

A

T3 (triiodothyronine) & T4 (tetraiodothyronine)

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2
Q

Hormone for bone regulations

A

Calcitonin

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3
Q

T4:T3 ratio

A

13:1

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4
Q

Main component of thyroid hormone

A

Iodine

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5
Q

RDI of iodine

A

150 mcg/day

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6
Q

RDI of iodine for pregnant

A

200 mcg/day

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7
Q

Transporter of thyroidal hormone

A

Sodium iodide symporter

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8
Q

Enzyme that oxidizes iodide to iodine

A

Thyroidal peroxidase

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9
Q

Carry T3 to organs

A

Albumin & Proalbumin

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10
Q

Enzyme in deiodination

A

5-deiodinase

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11
Q

Via _________ T3 and T4 will be sent to the blood.

A

Proteolysis

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12
Q

Medications that could block the symporter

A

Thiocyanate
Perchlorate
Pertechnetate

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13
Q

Hypothalamus secretes

A

TRH

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14
Q

Apical pituitary gland secretes

A

TSH

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15
Q

In normal individuals, excess iodide inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis

A

Wolff chaikoff block

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16
Q

An autoimmune disease wherein there’s a destruction of thyroid cells or thyroglobulin

A

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

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17
Q

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is example of

A

Hypothyroidism

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18
Q

An autoimmune disorder that involves overactivity of the thyroid (hyperthyroidism)

A

Grave’s disease

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19
Q

Common caused of Grave’ disease

A

TSH antibodies

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20
Q

Hallmarks of the condition are bulging eyes, redness, and retracting eyelids

A

Ophthalmopathy

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21
Q

Spooning of fingernails

A

Koilonychias

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22
Q

DOC for pretibial dermopathy

A

Topical Corticosteroid

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23
Q

Large tongue

A

Macroglossa

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24
Q

Decreased peripheral vascular resistance; increased heart rate, stroke volume

A

Thyrotoxicosis

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25
Increased peripheral vascular resistance; decreased heart rate, stroke volume
Hypothyroidism
26
decreased vital capacity
Thyrotoxicosis
27
hypercapnia
Hypothyroidism
28
Increased appetite; increased frequency of bowel movements
Thyrotoxicosis
29
Decrease the dose of warfarin
Thyrotoxicosis
30
Decreased appetite; Decreased frequency of bowel movements
Hypothyroidism
31
Ascites
Hypothyroidism
32
Prone to edema
Hypothyroidism
33
Increased erythropoiesis
Thyrotoxicosis
34
Decreased erythropoiesis; anemia
Hypothyroidism
35
Menstrual irregularities
Thyrotoxicosis
36
Hypermenorrhea
Hypothyroidism
37
Oligospermia
Hypothyroidism
38
decreased gonadal steroid metabolism
Hypothyroidism
39
Increased basal metabolic rate
Thyrotoxicosis
40
Decreased basal metabolic rate
Hypothyroidism
41
increased requirements for fat- and water-soluble vitamins
Thyrotoxicosis
42
decreased cholesterol and triglycerides
Thyrotoxicosis
43
increased cholesterol and triglycerides
Hypothyroidism
44
increased warfarin
Hypothyroidism
45
decreased hormone degradation
Hypothyroidism
46
These medications are bad for the treatment of obesity
Levothyroxine, Liothyronine, Liotrix
47
Drug of Choice for thyroid replacement therapy and suppression therapy
Levothyroxine
48
Not recommended for routine therapy because of greater risk for cardiotoxicity
Liothyronine
49
Best for short term suppression of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Liothyronine
50
combination of T4 and T3 with a ratio of 4:1
Liotrix
51
Drug of choice fot thyrotoxicosis
Methimazole, Propylthiouracil (PTU)
52
Thioamides
Methimazole, Propylthiouracil (PTU)
53
Drug that is converted to methimazole
Carbimazole
54
DOC for adult and children
Methimazole
55
Methimazole adr
Cholestatic jaundice
56
Has black box warning: Severe hepatitis
Propylthiouracil
57
Reserved for 1st trimester pregnancy in case of thyroid storm
PTU
58
Given to px with ADR from methimazole
PTU
59
FATAL ADR OF THIOAMIDES
AGRANULOCYTOSIS
60
Block uptake of Iodide through competitive inhibition of iodide transport
Anion inhibitors
61
Blocks the thyroidal reuptake of iodine, especially in patients with iodine induced hyperthyroidism
K perchlorate
62
K perchlorate adr
Aplastic anemia
63
Inhibits the organification of hormone release
Iodides
64
preparation of surgical thyroidectomy
Iodides
65
Only isotope for thyrotoxicosis
I131
66
Penetration ranges of I131
400-2000 nm
67
patient (usually infant) has mental retardation and disadvantages
Cretinism
68
end state of untreated hypothyroidism
Myxedema coma
69
Levothyroxine loading dose
300 - 400 mcg
70
Levothyroxine regular dose
50 - 100 mcg
71
Elevated TSH, normal thyroid hormone
Subclinical hypothyroidism
72
Most common form of hyperthyroidism
Grave's disease
73
Grave's disease aka
Diffuse toxic goiter
74
If beta-blocker is contraindicated, give
Diltiazem
75
Usually seen in older women with nodular goiters already
Toxic Mononodular Goiter
76
spontaneously resolving hyperthyroidism
Subacute thyroiditis
77
Sudden onset of all the symptoms of thyrotoxicosis
Thyroid Storm
78
This is usually because of the passage of maternal TSH-R antibodies through the placenta
Neonatal Grave’s Disease
79
Propranolol dose in Neonatal Grave’s Disease
2 mg/kg/day
80
Suppressed TSH level but normal thyroid hormone
Subclinical Hyperthyroidism
81
Diuretic that inhibits T4 to T3 conversion
Amiodarone
82
Syndrome of enlarged thyroid without excessive thyroid hormone production
Non toxic goiter
83
Can be benign or malignant
Thyroid neoplasm
84
Type 1 for px with underlying thyroid disease
Iodine Induced Thyrotoxicosis
85
Due to the leakage of thyroid hormone in the circulation
Inflammatory Thyroiditis
86
Vaused by viral infection
Subacute Thyroiditis
87
Associated with large goiter
Toxic Mononodular Goiter
88
increased cardiac output, inotropy, and chronotropy
Hyperthyroidism
89
Should not be administered to pregnant or nursing mothers as it may cross the placenta and breast milk and it can also destroy the infant’s thyroid gland.
I131
90
Beta-blocker without ISA
Propranolol, Metoprolol, Atenolol
91
Examples of iodides
Lugol's solution & KI2
92
Half-life of Levothyroxine
7 days
93
Half-life of Liothyronine
24 hrs
94
Usually given to patient with HYPOthyroidism
Levothyroxine, Liothyronine, Liotrix
95
Active form in deiodination
3-5-3
96
Incorporation of iodine into thyroglobulin for the production of thyroid hormone
Iodide organification
97
Lethargy; general slowing of mental processes; neuropathies
Hypothyroidism
98
Nervousness; hyperkinesia; emotional lability
Thyrotoxicosis
99
Other term for Hyperthyroidism
Thyrotoxicosis
100
Shelf-life of Levothyroxine, Liothyronine, Liotrix
2 years

PHCP 2 (5 decks)

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