Thyroglossal Cysts

Question 1

Define thyroglossal cysts.

Answer 1

A thyroglossal cyst is a fibrous cyst that forms from a persistent thyroglossal duct. Thyroglossal cysts can be defined as an irregular neck mass or a lump which develops from cells and tissues left over after the formation of the thyroid gland during developmental stages.

Question 2

Explain the aetiology/risk factors of thyroglossal cysts.

Answer 2

Thyroglossal cysts develop in the embryonic stage and can cause complications if they become infected.

Question 3

Summarise the epidemiology of thyroglossal cysts.

Answer 3

Thyroglossal cysts are the most common cause of midline neck masses and are generally located caudal to (below) the hyoid bone.

Question 4

Recognise the presenting symptoms of thyroglossal cysts. Recognise the signs of thyroglossal cysts on physical examination.

Answer 4

Midline mass in the neck

Dysphagia

Dyspepsia

Question 5

Identify appropriate investigations for thyroglossal cysts and interpret the results.

Answer 5

Blood Test

Ultrasound

Thyroid Scan

Fine Needle Aspiration