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Neurogenic Communication Disorders > Thurs Aug 29 > Flashcards

Thurs Aug 29 Flashcards

1
Q

Communication breakdown may involve ____ ____ ____ or ____defects

A

language
speech
cognitive
swallowing

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2
Q

The 3 components of cognition

A

attention
memory
executive function

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3
Q

The 5 attention requirements

A

orientation
sustained
selective
alternating
divided

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4
Q

Orientation is the ability to ____

A

respond

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5
Q

Orientation recovers in the _____ stages after brain damage

A

early

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6
Q

T/F you are always using orientation memory

A

true unless you are in a coma, or extremely impaired

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7
Q

sustained attention is the ability to ____

A

maintain focus

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8
Q

selective attention is the ability to _____

A

attend to a task in the presence of (visual/auditory) distractions

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9
Q

alternating attention is the ability to ____

A

shift attention between tasks

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10
Q

divided attention is the ability to____

A

manage multiple cognitive demands

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11
Q

Folding clothes while watching TV is an example of ____ attention

A

divided attention

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12
Q

Pausing cooking to change the laundry is an example of _____ attention

A

alternating attention

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13
Q

Listening to your conversation amongst a noisy coffee shop is ____ attention

A

selective attention

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14
Q

The neurophysiology of orientation attention is the

A

dorsal/posterior attention system

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15
Q

The dorsal/posterior system is activated when?

A

always activated (always on)

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16
Q

The neurophysiology of sustained and selective attention is

A

ventral/anterior system
prefrontal cortex

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17
Q

the ventral/anterior system is activated when?

A

activated based on need (not always activated)

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18
Q

What are the 3 types of memory

A
  1. short term memory
  2. long term memory
  3. working memory
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19
Q

What is short term memory?

A

temporary storage of memory for a few minutes/hours

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20
Q

What is longterm memory?

A

permanent story of memory

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21
Q

What is working memory?

A

storage for immediate processing and manipulation

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22
Q

T/F working memory is a subset of short term memory?

A

True

23
Q

Eg of short term memory

A

Story retelling

24
Q

Eg of longterm memory

A

your name, core events

25
Q

Eg of working memory

A

when told a list of numbers, the ability to recite them backwards

26
Q

What are the types of memory (all involving long-term memory)

A

episodic memory
procedural memory

27
Q

What is episodic memory?

A

recall specific, expirienced events

28
Q

What is procedural memory?

A

memory of sequence of actions

29
Q

EG of episodic memory

A

recalling dinner last night

30
Q

EG of procedural memory

A

playing the piano

31
Q

The neurophysiology of memory is composed of ____, ____, and _____

A

encoding
storage
retrival

32
Q

Memory encoding refers to

A

initial processing of information

33
Q

Phonological encoding for words and graphic encoding for pictures takes place where

A

Thalamus
Frontal lobe

34
Q

(Encoding) Language processing systems are located where

A

temporal-parietal lobes

35
Q

(Encoding) Visual processing systems are located where

A

occipital lobe

36
Q

The thalamus is the ____ of the brain

A

relay station

37
Q

Where is short term memory stored

A

hippocampus

38
Q

Where is longterm memory stored

A

b/l medial temporal lobe

39
Q

Memory retrieval takes place where

A

frontal lobe

40
Q

What is the difference between anterograde amnesia and retrograde amnesia?

A

anterograde amnesia: loss of memory for events after injury
retrograde amnesia: loss of memory for events before injury

41
Q

T/F Retrograde amnesia is usually permanent

A

False, usually temporary

42
Q

Executive function is _____-order function that uses ______ & _____ to complete tasks

A

higher-order
attention & memory

43
Q

What are the 4 components of EF

A
  1. inhibition
  2. planning
  3. organizing
  4. problem-solving
44
Q

Neurophysiology of the EF is mainly the

A

pre-frontal coretx

45
Q

when referring to the nuerophysiology of EF, the ____ directs and controls _____

A

prefrontal cortex
regions of sensorimotor activity

46
Q

Receptive language _____ of symbols

A

comphresion

47
Q

Expressive language ____ of symbols

A

production

48
Q

Language area controlling motor planning for speech

A

Brocas area #45, #45

49
Q

Brocas area (_____ language)

A

expressive

50
Q

Auditory comprehension area

A

Wernikes area #22

51
Q

Semantic processing of words during reading

A

angular gyrus #39

52
Q

Phonological processing of words during reading

A

supra-marginal gyrus #40

53
Q

angular gyrus #39 or supramarginal area #40?
someone who has an injury an now can only silent read and cannot read out loud has damage where?
.

A

supramargnial gyrus #40

54
Q

angular gyrus #39 or supramarginal area #40?
somebody who cannot understand the words they are reading has damage where?

A

angular gyrus #39

Neurogenic Communication Disorders (1 decks)

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