Thrombotic Disease

Question 1

What is a stroke?

Answer 1

Occurs when there is a rapid death of brain tissue die to a disturbance in the blood supply
Thrombus formation may block blood flow - stops brain getting the oxygen and nutrition it needs
Persists beyond 24 hours

Question 2

What is a transient ischaemic attack (TIA)?

Answer 2

A mini stroke

Symptoms resolve completely after 24 hours

Question 3

List 5 factors for stroke

Answer 3

1. Inactivity
2. High BP
3. Heart disease
4. Smoking - damages endothelium = collagen = releases platelets
5. Obesity

Question 4

How is blood supplied to the brain?

Answer 4

1. Carotid arteries
2. Vertebral arteries
3. Basilar artery
4. Communicating arteries

Question 5

What is the role of the communicating arteries?

Answer 5

Used for cross-over flow when damage in one of the arteries

Question 6

What is the role of the Circle of Willis

Answer 6

Anterior communicating artery allows temporary blood flow to areas of the brain where the blood supplied is blocked

Question 7

What causes a thrombosis

Answer 7

When the atherosclerotic plaque ruptures
This interrupts blood supply to the neurons
Rapid death of brain tissues leads to loss of brain function

Question 8

Define: Ischemia

Answer 8

Starving of oxygen

Mainly due to thrombosis

Question 9

List 2 causes of an ischemic stroke

Answer 9

1. Thrombosis

2. Embolism

Question 10

What is an embolism?

Answer 10

Portion of a blood clot (embolus) can travel to the brain and stop the blood flow
Heart is the common source of embolisms

Question 11

What are the 2

Answer 11

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