THROMBOLYTIC DRUGS Flashcards
1 st generation thrombolytics
Streptokinase
Urokinase
Action
Streptokinase forms a complex with, and activates, plasminogen into plasmin, a fibrinolytic enzyme.
Urokinase activates plasminogen directly converting it to plasmin.
Clinical use
Life-threatening venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, arterial thromboembolism, acute myocardial infarction.
Adverse effects
Nausea and vomiting, bleeding.
Contraindications
Recent haemorrhage, trauma, surgery, bleeding diathesis, aortic dissection, coma, history of cerebrovascular disease.
2nd generation Thrombolytics
APSAC “Anisoylated Plasminogen Streptokinase Activator Complex”
Mechanism of action
acetylation of plasminogen.
Less bradykinin produced than with Streptokinase ( hypotension )
3rd generation thrombolytics
Tissue-type plasminogen activators (tPAs)
Alteplase and reteplase are examples of tPAs.
Mechanism of action
tPAs are tissue-type plasminogen activators
Mechanism of action
Myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism.
Contraindications
Recent haemorrhage, trauma, surgery, bleeding diathesis, aortic dissection, coma, history of cerebrovascular disease.
Side effects
Nausea and vomiting, bleeding
