THREATENING Flashcards
Lovell and Stafford
Did show that it was possible to
co-ordinate regional unrest
* Lovell had nothing to lose
* Motives - Dynastic
* Timing – one year after Bosworth
Lambert Simnel
- Appeared strong
- A figurehead to rally round provided by Simnel
and easy to manipulate - Status provided by Lord Lovell and Earl of Lincoln
- Clear aim – overthrow Henry VII, potentially rule England through puppet of Simnel.
Ultimately York monarchy would be restored - Rebels had foreign support (2000 German
mercenaries and 4000 – 6000 Irish men) - Preparing for battle which could have cost
Henry his life.
Perkin warbeck
Warbeck older than Simnel (aged 25)
* Looked the part of a Yorkist Prince – more likely to make decisions independently
* Irish interest
* Frustration at Henry and lack of status
encouraged others to support (e.g. Sir William
Stanley and Lord Fitzwalter in the royal
standard) – showed some close to Henry still
believed he was vulnerable
* International support main threat – Henry under diplomatic pressure – prolonged threat
* Lasted longer than Simnel
* Dynastic
Yorkshire
Northumberland killed by
rebels
* More people supported the
cause (taxation)
* Egremont takes over
leadership – links to Richard III
* Henry appears to show he was
threatened by the rebellion in
his response to the events
Cornish
-Cross societal support from clergy and
gentry
* Lord Audley an experienced soldier who gathered support from other gentry
* Showed skill
* March on London
* Timing (Earl of Warwick in prison, Perkin Warbeck ongoing)
* Broad support shows unhappiness at policies
* Size – 15,000
* Moved quickly
* Henry had to divert army down from
Scotland
Amicable grant
Reversal of policy
* Crown backed down in Warwickshire
where there was serious rebellion
* 4000 rebels gathered in Lavenham,
willing to march on London
* Widespread protest –in at least 5
counties (Essex, Kent, Warwickshire.
Suffolk, Norfolk)
* Cross class –impacted on laity and
clergy
* London objected
* Long period of time
* Government reaction suggest that it
was dangerous
Kildare
- Rumours of foreign support
(12,000 Spanish men) - Support from Gaelic chiefs and
church - Controlled bulk of land owned by
the English - Lasted 9 months
- Renounced allegiance to Henry
- Timing (wider context of
reformation, Break with Rome,
POG) - Executed so shows Henry was
threatened
Ketts
- Kett encouraged by idea of Somerset’s hostility
- Gathered support from others – numbers of
16,000 - Lots of rebel camps established quickly
- Mousehold Heath showed ordinary people
could conduct government without the gentry - Mousehold Heath run well and very effective
- Norwich co-operated with the rebels giving out
supplies - Kett refused a pardon – said that would make
him guilty of rebellion which he was not - Government response slow
- No leading member of nobility to act as first
line of defence - Government distracted by threat of invasion
from France - Had to send 2 royal forces
- Somerset faced criticism from the cabinet.
Northumberland’s coup
- Attempt to remove Tudor family from
the throne - Aim threatening
- Northumberland did hold power for a
week - 10th July – Lady Jane Grey proclaimed
queen
Wyatts
- Wyatt had experience in local
government and had been involved in
drawing up military plans - Wyatt had social standing to summon a militia
- Played on anti-Spanish sentiment
- Focus on national patriotism .
- Force of 2500/3000 in Kent – some
influential gentry - Reached London
- Men of Kent did not necessarily fight
against Wyatt - Some of the Duke of Norfolk’s army
deserted to join Wyatt
northern earls
Draw Elizabeth into rebellion with forces
* Lasted longer than she might have liked
* Holding Catholic mass – direct challenge
* Size
* Her response indicates Elizabeth was
threatened
* RUMOURS of Spanish support
western
Strong leadership from Humphrey Arundell-gentlemen with tactical
skills
* Force of 6000, with range of social classes
* Rebels were ordered and controlled –split into military
detachments under control of colonels, majors, captains or
clergy
* Called for return of old beliefs
* Arundell determined to march on London to get government to
meet their demands
* This would have had an impact on regency government
* Government slow to react decisively as pre-occupied by war with
Scotland
* Change in gov representative –Carew –Lord Russell
* Fell at time of other unrest in the country
* Government ill-informed about developments so slow to react
which meant rebellion had time to grow
* Gov forces slow to arrive as dealing with other situations
* Forced to abandon Scottish policy to deal with this
* Rebels did force government forces into 5 battles/skirmishes
* Rebels threatened legislation of gov’s religious policy
* Rebel behaviour often violent
* High number of deaths afterward suggest it was threatening to the
gov
