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AP Psych > Thought and Language Terms > Flashcards

Thought and Language Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

when you bring in information, represent it with symbols, and your manipulate it

A

Information Processing System

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2
Q

manipulation of mental representations (things in your head)

A

Thinking

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3
Q

the time between the presentation of a stimulus and your reaction to the stimulus

A

Reaction time

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4
Q

categories of objects that have common properties

A

Concepts

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5
Q

member of a natural concept that has most of the characteristics of that concept

A

Prototype

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6
Q

mental representation that expresses a relationship between concepts

A

Proposition

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7
Q

generalizations about categories (when you have a general idea about something)

A

Schema

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8
Q

mental representation of familiar activities

A

Scripts

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9
Q

sets of propositions that represent our understanding of how things look and work

A

Mental Models

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10
Q

visual information

A

Images

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11
Q

mental representations of familiar environments

A

Cognitive Map

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12
Q

how we generate and evaluate arguments

A

Reasoning

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13
Q

rigorous procedures for reasoning

A

Formal reasoning

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14
Q

systematic procedure that cannot fail to produce a solution to a problem

A

Algorithms

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15
Q

system of formulas for drawing valid conclusions

A

Logic

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16
Q

when we base reasoning on evidence

A

Informal Reasoning

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17
Q

a shortcut to anything

A

Heuristics

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18
Q

when we add new information to existing information

A

Anchoring Bias/ Anchoring Heuristics

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19
Q

judging whether or not something belongs to a group based on its similarities to members of the group

A

Representativeness Heuristics

20
Q

based on something that readily comes to mind

A

Availability Heuristics

21
Q

the tendency to use old patterns to solve problems

A

Mental Set

22
Q

thinking about familiar objects in familiar ways

A

Functional Fixedness

23
Q

influencing your decision by altering the words that you use

A

Framing Effect

24
Q

when we pay attention to the information that supports us

A

Confirmation Bias

25
Q

when we are trying to get computers to be human

A

Artificial Intelligence

26
Q

producing original thought

A

Creativity

27
Q

the ability to produce different solutions

A

Divergent Thinking

28
Q

narrowing down possible solutions

A

Convergent Thinking

29
Q

any subject measure of value

A

Utility

30
Q

total benefit of decisions (what you hope to get out of something)

A

Expected Value

31
Q

symbols we use to communicate

A

Language

32
Q

the rules for combining symbols

A

Grammar

33
Q

the smallest unit of language that has meaning

A

Morpheme

34
Q

the smallest unit of sound that effects the meaning of speech

A

Phoneme

35
Q

when we form phrases and sentences

A

Syntax

36
Q

the rules governing the meaning of words

A

Semantics

37
Q

the literal meaning of words in a sentence

A

Surface Structures

38
Q

the abstract representation or the underlying meaning (ex:metaphors)

A

Deep Structure

39
Q

the early sounds such as babbling

A

Infant Vocalizations

40
Q

repetition of syllables

A

Babbling

41
Q

when you use one word at a time

A

One Word Stage

42
Q

when we put two words together

A

Two word stage

43
Q

when we put three words together (subjects, verb, and object)

A

Three word stage

44
Q

when we misapply the rules of grammar

A

Overregulation

45
Q

the combination of hearing and vision that helps us understand speech

A

McGurk Effect

AP Psych (1 decks)

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