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[OS 205] 1st Exam > Thorax SIM: The Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Thorax SIM: The Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

The double pump function of the heart in the RIGHT side serves as the _____ circuit pump

A

systemic

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2
Q

The double pump function of the heart in the LEFT side serves as the _____ circuit pump

A

pulmonary

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3
Q

Considered high-resistance circulation

A

systemic (high pressure, high resistance)

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4
Q

this structure pumps blood through the short pulmonary circuit

A

right ventricle

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5
Q

atrioventricular valves prevent backflow of blood into the

A

atria

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6
Q

semilunar valves prevent backflow of blood into the

A

ventricles

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7
Q

the average maximum pressure developed in the right ventricule

A

15-28 mmHg

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8
Q

cardiac muscle tissue

A

striated involuntary muscle

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9
Q

cardiac muscle tissue

A

contracts even without nerve stimulation

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10
Q

blood flows from LA to LV via this valve

A

left AV valve, mitral, bicuspid

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11
Q

when deoxygenated blood leaves the RV thru a semilunar valve, it is forced into the

A

pulmonary arteries

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12
Q

blood from systemic circulation is returned to the RA via the

A

superior/inferior vena cava

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13
Q

oxygenated blood from the systemic arteries flows into

A

peripheral tissue capillaries

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14
Q

lung capiliaries receive deoxygenated blood from

A

pulmonary arteries

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15
Q

SA node is the pacemaker of the heart because these cells are

A

the ones that depolarize and reach threshold first

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16
Q

the cardioaccelerator center in medulla activates

A

sympathetic neurons

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17
Q

cardiac output indicates

A

ventricular efficiency overtime

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18
Q

Starling’s Law of the heart states

A

CO=VR

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19
Q

ECG detects and diagnose

A

cardiac arrythmias

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20
Q

QRS complex appears as the

A

ventricles depolarize

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21
Q

P wave represents in the normal ECG

A

atrial depolarization

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22
Q

ultrasound analysis producing images that follow the details of cardiac contractions is called

A

echocardiography

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23
Q

above normal K+ concentrations in blood can cause

A

the heart to dilate and become flaccid and weak

24
Q

if each heart muscle cell contracted at its own individual rate, the condition would resemble

A

fibrillation

25
Q

the delay of AV node detection of impulse travel from atrium to ventricle is due to allow

A

the atria to finish contracting

26
Q

sequencial path of a NORMAL action potential in the heart

A

SA node -> AV node -> bundle of His -> bundle branches -> Purkinje fibers

27
Q

the chambers of the heart with thin walla that are highly distensible

A

atria

28
Q

blood returns to the heart from coronary circulation via this structure

A

coronary sinus

29
Q

the internal connective tissue network of the heart

A

fibrous skeleton

30
Q

each cardiac muscle fiber contracts several others at specialized sites known as

A

intercalated discs

31
Q

the right side of the heart contains blood with an abundance of this gas

A

carbon dioxide

32
Q

when blood leaves the right atrium, it is forced through an AV valve into this structure

A

LV

33
Q

oxygenated blood is returned to the left atrium via this structure

A

pulmonary veins

34
Q

the only arteries in the body that carry deoxygenated blood

A

pulmonary arteries

35
Q

individual units responsible for establishing the rate of cardiac contraction

A

nodal cells

36
Q

the action of cardiac muscle tissue contracting on its own in the absence of neural stimulation

A

automaticity

37
Q

an increase in heart rate in response to stretching the right atrial wall

A

brainbridge reflex

38
Q

blood CO2, pH and O2 levels are monitored by

A

chemoreceptors

39
Q

listening to sounds in the chest to determine the condition of the heart and lungs

A

auscultation

40
Q

the recording and evaluating of electrical events that occur in the heart

A

ECG

41
Q

the amount of blood ejected by a ventricle during a single beat

A

SV (stroke volume)

42
Q

the most important control of heart rate is the effect of the

A

ANS (autonomic nervous system)

43
Q

interconnections between arteries

A

anastomosis

44
Q

an improperly functioning mitral valve would affect _____ circulations

A

syestemic

45
Q

the comb-like muscle ridges in the atria

A

pectinate muscles

46
Q

the inner surface of the heart that is continuous with the endothelium of the attached blood vessels

A

endocardium

47
Q

the term used to indicate a heart rate SLOWER than normal

A

bradycardia

48
Q

the term used to indicate a heart rate FASTER than normal

A

tachycardia

49
Q

the spontaneous depolarization in the heart takes place in specialized cells called

A

nodal

50
Q

the heart condition that poses an immediate threat to life

A

ventricular fibrillation

51
Q

the difference between resting and maximum cardiac output

A

cardiac reserve

52
Q

what is CO?

A

CO= SV x HR

53
Q

% increase in Co above resting

A

normal CO / maximum CO

54
Q

what is the visceral pericardium

A

covers the OUTER surface of the heart

55
Q

what is the parietal pericardium

A

lines the INNER surface of the pericardiac sac that surrounds the heart

56
Q

3 distinct layers of the tissues of the heartwall

A

epicardium, myocardium, endocardium

[OS 205] 1st Exam (6 decks)

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