Thorax & Lungs II Flashcards
How to perform auscultation
Use same pattern suggested for percussion (breath hru open mouch one full breath)
What are the 3 normal lung sounds you hear during ausultation
Vesicular
Bronchial
Bronchovesicular
Where will you hear vesicular sounds, what does it sound like, insp:exp
- Most peripheral lung fields
- soft intensity/low pitched
- Inspiration>expiration (with no gap)
Where will you hear bronchovesicular sounds, what does it sound like, insp:exp
- 1st/2nd intercostal spaces + interscap
- Medium intensity, mod pitch
- inpiration=expiration
Where will you hear bronchial sounds,what does it sound like, insp:exp
- Over mandibrium
- loud intensity, high pitch
- expiration>inspiration
When u hear increased sounds (such as bronchial, bronchovesicular) in areas of vesicular what does it indicate
sign of consolidation (sound transmits better in liquid; will be louder)
Why would someone have an elevated diaphram
- Paralysis
- consolidation
- pleural effusion
- atelectasis
- intraabdominal mass
When will percussion be dull/ hyperreonant
Dull with consolidation/pleural thickening
Hyperresonant/ tympanic with increased/trapped air
What are the 2 tyoes of advetitous sounds and sub categories
- Discontinous (fine crackles, coarse crackles)
2. Continous (ronchi, wheezes, friction rub)
What are fine crackles+ when are they heard + indicative of
High pitched during late inspiratory
- Congestive heart failure
- Interstitial lung disease
What are coarse crackles + when are they heard + indicative of
low pitched during early inpiratory
- Chronic bronchitis
- Asthma
- Pneumonia
What is rhonchi+ when is it heard + causes
- low pitched snoring, rumbling during insp and exp
- Suggest secretions in large airways
- Bronchitis
- Inflammation
What is a wheeze, when is it heard + causes
- High pitches, hissing, whistling (suggesting the presence of an airway that is narrowed, to point of closure)
- both insp and exp
- asthma
- COPD
- Chronic bronchitis
- Congestive heart failure
What is friction rub, when is it heard + causes
- Grating, low pitched, long crackles
- both insp and exp
- Suggest inflamed, thickened pleural surfaces rubbing together
When should transmitted voice sounds be performed and what does it confirm the presence of
Performed only when bronchial or bronchiovescicular breath sounds are heard in the peripheral lung fields.
-confirms presence of consolidation
