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Sports Medicine > Thorax and Abdomen > Flashcards

Thorax and Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

Runs from the base of the neck to the diaphragm

A

Thorax

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2
Q

What 3 things does the thorax contain?

A

Thoracic vertebrae, Ribcage, Sternum

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3
Q

Function of the Thorax?

A

Protect Respiratory and Circulatory organs. Assist the lungs in inspiration and expiration during the breathing process

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4
Q

Ribs 1-7

A

True Ribs

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5
Q

Ribs 8-10

A

False Ribs

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6
Q

Ribs 11-12

A

Floating Ribs

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7
Q

Between the ribs

A

Intercostals

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8
Q

Separates thorax from abdomen

A

Diaphragm

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9
Q

Contracts to allow for thoracic cavity to increase in size during inspiration

A

Diaphragm

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10
Q

Contracts and relaxes to allow for ribs to move during inspiration and expiration

A

Intercostals

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11
Q

How does the diaphragm contract?

A

Inferiorly

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12
Q

Causes air to be pulled into the lungs?

A

Diaphragm

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13
Q

Lies between diaphragm and pelvis

A

Abdomen

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14
Q

What does the diaphragm contain?

A

Vertebral column, Abdominal muscles, and Organs

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15
Q

Functions of the Abdomen?

A

Trunk movement and to protect organs

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16
Q

Functions of the Internal Oblique?

A

Helps diaphragm expand the thoracic cavity, Rotation, and Lateral Flexion

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17
Q

Functions of the External Oblique?

A

Trunk Flexion, Limited Rotation, and Lateral Flexion

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18
Q

Functions of the Rectus Abdominis?

A

Trunk Flexion and Assists in breathing

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19
Q

“Corset muscle”

A

Transverse Abdominis

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20
Q

Functions of the Transverse Abdominis

A

Thoracic cavity expansion, Labor delivery, and Core stability/bracing

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21
Q

MOI for Rib Contusions

A

Direct blow to ribs, damaging the rib or intercostal muscle

22
Q

S/S for Rib Contusions

A

Sharp pain with breathing, point tenderness, pain when rib cage is compressed

23
Q

TX for Rib Contusions

A

PRICE and NSAIDs, Possible bed rest

24
Q

MOI for Rib Fractures

A

Direct impact or by compression of the rib cage

25
Q

Most common ribs fractured?

26
Q

S/S for Rib Fractures

A

Severe pain with breathing, point tenderness with palpation

27
Q

T/X for Rib Fractures

A

Support and rest, usually 3-4 weeks

28
Q

Are lung injuries common or rare?

29
Q

MOI for Pneumothorax injury

A

Pleural cavity surrounding the lung become filled with air that has entered into an opening in the chest. As the pleural cavity fills with air, the lung on the same side, collapses

30
Q

MOI for Tension Pneumothorax injury

A

Pleural cavity on one side fills with air and displaces the lung and heart toward the opposite side. Compress the opposite lung

31
Q

Blood within the pleural cavity

A

Hemothorax

32
Q

Direct blow to the lung or compression of the rib cage

A

Traumatic Asphyxia (life threatening condition)

33
Q

Stops breathing rhythm and requires immediate CPR and emergency care

A

Traumatic Asphyxia

34
Q

What can Hemothorax be caused from?

A

Tearing or function of the lung or pleural tissue

35
Q

S/S for Lung Injuries

A

Difficulty breathing/ shortness of breath, chest pain on side of injury, coughing up blood, cyanosis, potential shock, total collapse of the lung

36
Q

TX for lung injuries

A

Immediate attention

37
Q

Most common cause of exercise-induced sudden death is a ______________

A

congenital cardiovascular abnormality

38
Q

Thickening of the cardiac muscle

A

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

39
Q

1 of the 2 coronary vessels originates in a different sight than normal

A

Anomalous origin of the Cardiac Artery

40
Q

Abnormality of the connective tissue resulting in weakening of the aorta and cardiac valves which can lead to the rupture of the valves or the aorta itself

A

Marfan’s Syndrome

41
Q

Hardening of the arteries due to high cholesterol in young athletes

A

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) - becoming more common

42
Q

What are some Noncardiac causes of Sudden Death Syndrome?

A

Drug use in athletes, Vascular bleeding in the brain caused by a cerebral aneurysm or head trauma, or obstructive respiratory diseases (Ex: asthma)

43
Q

S/S of Sudden Death Syndrome

A

Chest pain or discomfort during exertion, hear palpitations or flutters, syncope, nausea, profuse sweating, heart murmurs, shortness of breath, fever

44
Q

TX for Sudden Death Syndrome

A

Use symptoms as a medical emergency

45
Q

Prevention of Sudden Death Syndrome

A

Counseling, screening and early identification of preventable causes of Sudden Death Syndrome

46
Q

Protrusion of the abdominal viscera through a portion of the abdominal wall.

47
Q

What are the two types of Hernias?

A

Inguinal and Femoral

48
Q

MOI for a Hernia

A

Intra-abdominal tension is produced and the muscles fail to react causing abdominal contents to fall through the opening.

49
Q

S/S for a Hernia

A

Previous injury to groin, superficial protrusion in groin/thigh that is increased with coughing, weakness and pulling sensation in groin/ thigh

50
Q

TX for a Hernia

A

Restricted activity, possible surgery

Sports Medicine (11 decks)

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