Thorax Flashcards
When 2 or more consecutive ribs break, this can cause a condition called
Flail Chest
How many folds/crura are there around the esophageal hiatus?
2 (left and right folds)
The neurovascular bundle of the rib is located
on the lower aspect of the rib
Air in the pleural space is called
pneumothorax
The phrenic nerve runs ____ to the hilum of the lung
anterior
The vagus nerve runs ____ to the hilum of the lung
posterior
The recurrent laryngeal nerve is the branch of the ____ nerve that innervates the ____
vagus, voicebox
The left branch of the recurrent laryngeal nerve recurs around the ____ while the right branch recurs around the ____
arch of the aorta, subclavian artery.
The afferent gag reflex is from the ____ nerve. Efferent response (puke) is from the ____ nerve.
glossopharyngeal, vagus
Mesothelioma often appears on a CT scan of the thorax as
a thickened, calcified pleura
A 78 yr. old has a large pleural effusion from severe pancreatitis. Which is the Best, Safest, and most cost efficient approach to drain the pleural fluid?
Ultrasound-guided thoracentesis
Blood in the pleural space, as a result of malignancy or traumatic injury, is called a
hemothorax
The most common organisms infecting the pleural spaces are:
strep. pneumoniae and staph. aureus
A pneumothorax occurs when
air enters the pleural space
The NORMAL amount of pleural fluid in a healthy adult is
10cc
A “talc-slurry” pleurodesis is best instilled using
video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery
Two or more (consecutive) ribs broken in two or more places is called
flail segment
A 68 yr. old develops a malignant chylothorax. The best INITIAL treatment is
Nothing by mouth (i.e. “NPO”), IV nutrition, octreotide
A 28 yr. old presents to the emergency room after a significant motor-vehicle-accident. He’s hypotensive and severely dyspneic. Chest X-ray shows a large left-sided effusion. The most likely cause of this effusion is:
a hemothorax from rib fractures
Intercostal arteries are branches of the
thoracic aorta
An 82 yr old with a low-grade fever is complaining of right-sided chest pain. CT scan performed shows a located fluid collection within the middle lobe of the right lung. The most likely diagnosis is
lung abscess
Which agent or procedure is used most commonly for pleurodesis?
Talc (sterilized talcum powder)
A large pleural effusion is seen on a chest x-ray 24 hours after placement of a central venous line. The most likely cause of this effusion is:
laceration of the patients thoracic duct
A 78 yr old man walks into a bar and bets the bartender he can submerge his face, under water, for 20 minutes. The bartender accepts the bet and the man proceeds to win. The most-likely reason for his success is a
broncho-pleural fistula
