Thoracolumbar exam Flashcards
What are the bones of the foot?
What are the special tests for the ankle and foot exam?
1) Anterior drawer test–> pull foot foreward at ankle, holding tibia in place. Greater than 0.5cm of motion is abnormal. Tests the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL)
2) Thompson test–> patient kneeling with akle joint relaxed, squeeze the gastrocnemeous and soleus and look to see plantarflexion of the foot
3) HIss test–> hold the heel and the forefoot in 2 different hands. Twist in oppoiste direrections. If pain, suggests midtarsal joint injury.
What are the cardinal movements of the foot?
What is trendelenberg sign?
Have patient stand on one leg and look for alignment of the iliac crests. They should stay level even with patient standing on one foot. If one sags, suggests gluteus medius weakness.—> PELVIS SAGS TOWARD NON WEIGHTBEARING SIDE
What are the strength testing roots for thoracolumbar?
L1-2–> hip flexors
L2-3–>Hip adductors
L3-4–>deep knee bend
L4-5–>hip abductors
L5–> heel walking
S1–> toe walking
L5-S1–> hix extension
Where doe you test sensation of nerve roots?
L4–> medial malleolus
L5–>first dorsal web space
S1–> 5th toe
What are the special tests for the thoracolumbar spine exam?
1)Modified schober’s test–>
a) mark midpoint between dimples of venus
b) mark 2 points, one 10cm superior, one 5cm inferior
c) have patient flex foreward
d) measure and record the distance between the superior and inferior points
The distance should be at least 20cm, if not, there is limited range of motion of the lower back
2)straight leg raise (presence of a herniated disk)
patient supine
passively flex hip of leg that hurts
flex until pain felt
lower until pain resolved
DORSIFLEX FOOT
if pain felt shooting through leg, this is abnormal
3)Crossed straight leg raise
passively flex hip on opposite leg to where pain is felt
pain felt shooting down affected leg is abnormal
4)sacroiliac stress test
compression of the pelvis as the level of the SI joint
